Magnuson-Moss Warranty—Federal Trade Commission Improvement Act
Public Law 93-637 · S. 356 · 93rd Congress · began in the Senate
Signed by Gerald Ford (R) on Jan 4, 1975 · Commerce
Major law
Sponsor: Sen. Warren Magnuson (D-WA)
Cosponsors (2): Sen. Frank Moss, Sen. Charles Percy
Passage votesYeaNay
- HouseMethod not stated
- SenateRecorded vote: 70 yea, 5 nay70–5
Data notes
The final version of the law, as each chamber passed it. A chamber that passed it by voice vote or unanimous consent has no count. “Method not stated” means the record does not say how the chamber voted. Where the record has a member-by-member vote, the “Who voted for it” section shows who voted yea.
Summary
The Congressional Research Service’s plain-language summary of what the law does.
Magnuson-Moss Warranty-Federal Trade Commission Improvement Act - =Title I: Consumer Product Warranties= - Provides that any supplier warranting a consumer product to a consumer in writing shall fully and conspicuously disclose in simple and readily understood language the terms and conditions of such warranty pursuant to any rules issued by the Federal Trade Commission.
States that the Commission shall prescribe rules requiring that the terms of any warranty on a consumer product be made available to the consumer (or prospective consumer) prior to the sale of the product to him.
Allows the Commission to prescribe rules for determining the manner and form in which information with respect to any written warranty of a consumer product shall be clearly and conspicuously presented or displayed so as not to mislead the reasonable, average consumer, when such information is contained in advertising, labeling, point-of-sale material, or other representations in writing.
States that no warrantor of a consumer product may, with specified exceptions, condition his warranty of such product on the consumer's using, in connection with such product, any article or service which is identified by brand, trade, or corporate name.
States that a written warranty incorporating the minimum Federal standards specified in this Act shall be conspicuously designated a "full" warranty, while a written warranty not incorporating Federal minimum standards shall be conspicuously designated a "limited" warranty. Enumerates Federal minimum standards for consumer product warranties.
Relieves warrantors of specified duties under this Act if they can show that the defect was caused by damage (not resulting from the defect) while in the possession of the consumer, or by unreasonable use.
Defines the conditions under which a consumer who is damaged by the failure of a supplier, warrantor, or service contractor to comply with obligations under this title or under a written or implied warranty may bring suit for damages or other legal or equitable remedies.
Provides that no supplier may disclaim or modify any implied warranty to a consumer with respect to a consumer product if: (1) such supplier makes any written warranty to the consumer with respect to such consumer product; or (2) at the time of sale, or within 90 days thereafter, such supplier enters into a service contract with the consumer which applies to such consumer product.
States that it is the policy of the Congress to encourage warrantors to establish procedures whereby consumer disputes are fairly and expeditiously settled through informal dispute settlement mechanisms.
States that no claim shall be cognizable in a suit brought by a consumer damaged by the failure of a supplier to comply with any obligation under this title: (1) unless each individual claim exceeds the sum or value of $25; (2) unless the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $50,000 (exclusive of interests and costs) computed on the basis of all claims to be determined in this suit; and (3) if the action is brought as a class action, unless the number of named plaintiffs equals or exceeds 100.
=Title II: Federal Trade Commission Improvements= - Authorizes the Federal Trade Commission to make rules defining with specificity acts or practices which are unfair or deceptive and which are within the scope of this Act.
Sets forth procedures to be followed in such rulemaking, including the requirement of a public transcript. Allows for judicial review of any rules established pursuant to this Act.
Authorizes the Commission to conduct investigations of persons and partnerships, as well as corporations.
States that in order to prevent unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce by banks, each agency specified in this title shall establish a separate division of consumer affairs which shall receive and take appropriate action upon complaints with respect to such acts or practices by banks subject to its jurisdiction.
Prescribes conditions in which the Commission may commence, defend in, or intervene in civil actions involving the Federal Trade Commission Act.
Establishes civil penalties which the Commission may seek to impose for violations of this Act.
Provides that if any person or partnership violates any rule under this Act respecting unfair or deceptive acts or practices, then the Commission may commence civil action against them for legal and equitable relief.
Authorizes to be appropriated to the Federal Trade Commission to carry out its functions, powers, and duties specified amounts for fiscal years 1975, 1976, and 1977.
Who voted for it
Every senator of the 93rd Congress on the ideology compass. Highlighted: the 71 who voted yea on final passage. Faded: everyone else, including those who voted nay, did not vote, or had not yet taken office.
71 yea5 nay24 present or did not vote
Democrats who voted yea(43)
- Sen. James AbourezkD-SD
- Sen. William ProxmireD-WI
- Sen. Gaylord NelsonD-WI
- Sen. George McGovernD-SD
- Sen. Dick ClarkD-IA
- Sen. Lee MetcalfD-MT
- Sen. Howard MetzenbaumD-OH
- Sen. Frank ChurchD-ID
- Sen. Philip HartD-MI
Sen. Ted KennedyD-MA- Sen. Rupert HartkeD-IN
Sen. Joseph BidenD-DE- Sen. Floyd HaskellD-CO
- Sen. Walter MondaleD-MN
- Sen. Quentin BurdickD-ND
- Sen. Birch BayhD-IN
- Sen. Stuart SymingtonD-MO
- Sen. Adlai StevensonD-IL
- Sen. Edmund MuskieD-ME
- Sen. Dee HuddlestonD-KY
- Sen. Alan CranstonD-CA
- Sen. Harrison WilliamsD-NJ
- Sen. Frank MossD-UT
- Sen. Abraham RibicoffD-CT
- Sen. Hubert HumphreyD-MN
- Sen. Claiborne PellD-RI
- Sen. Mike GravelD-AK
- Sen. Warren MagnusonD-WA
- Sen. Lawton ChilesD-FL
Sen. Robert ByrdD-WV- Sen. Joseph MontoyaD-NM
- Sen. John TunneyD-CA
- Sen. John PastoreD-RI
- Sen. Jennings RandolphD-WV
- Sen. Thomas McIntyreD-NH
Sen. Daniel InouyeD-HI- Sen. Fritz HollingsD-SC
- Sen. Howard CannonD-NV
- Sen. Scoop JacksonD-WA
- Sen. Samuel NunnD-GA
- Sen. Herman TalmadgeD-GA
- Sen. John SparkmanD-AL
- Sen. Harry ByrdD-VA
Republicans who voted yea(28)
- Sen. Clifford CaseR-NJ
- Sen. Richard SchweikerR-PA
- Sen. Edward BrookeR-MA
- Sen. Jacob JavitsR-NY
- Sen. Mark HatfieldR-OR
- Sen. Robert StaffordR-VT
- Sen. Lowell WeickerR-CT
- Sen. Robert PackwoodR-OR
Sen. Ted StevensR-AK- Sen. Marlow CookR-KY
- Sen. Hugh ScottR-PA
Sen. Pete DomeniciR-NM- Sen. Hiram FongR-HI
- Sen. Paul LaxaltR-NV
- Sen. Robert DoleR-KS
- Sen. Robert TaftR-OH
- Sen. William RothR-DE
- Sen. Henry BellmonR-OK
- Sen. Robert GriffinR-MI
- Sen. James McClureR-ID
- Sen. Strom ThurmondR-SC
- Sen. Norris CottonR-NH
- Sen. Dewey BartlettR-OK
- Sen. Roman HruskaR-NE
- Sen. John TowerR-TX
- Sen. Clifford HansenR-WY
- Sen. Paul FanninR-AZ
- Sen. Barry GoldwaterR-AZ
Data notes
The Senate’s recorded vote on the final version of the law (roll call 1133 in Voteview), matched to the vote the record cites and checked against its totals. Positions are each member’s DW-NOMINATE score for that Congress, as on the Ideology page; left to right is more liberal to more conservative. Paired and announced yea votes count as yea. Lists follow the compass, most liberal first. A name links to a profile only for members of the current Congress. A law passed by voice vote or unanimous consent has no member list, and neither does a vote Voteview has not yet recorded.
Committees
The committees the bill was sent to, and what each did with it.
Data notes
A committee links to its page only where it exists in the current Congress; older and renamed committees are named without a link.
Timeline
From introduction to signing, newest first: the committees, the floor and the president. 21 actions.
- Jan 4, 1975Became lawBecame law · Signed by President.
- PresidentPresident · Public law 93-637.
- Dec 24, 1974PresidentPresident · Measure presented to President.
- Dec 19, 1974Resolving differencesResolving differences · House agreed to conference report.
- Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report agreed to in House: House agreed to conference report.
- Dec 18, 1974Resolving differencesResolving differences · Senate agreed to conference report, roll call #572 (70-5).Senate roll call 572
- Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report agreed to in Senate: Senate agreed to conference report, roll call #572 (70-5).Senate roll call 572
- Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report filed in Senate, S. Rept. 93-1408.
- Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report filed: Conference report filed in Senate, S. Rept. 93-1408.
- Dec 16, 1974Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report filed in House, H. Rept. 93-1606.
- Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report filed: Conference report filed in House, H. Rept. 93-1606.
- Oct 8, 1974Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference scheduled in House.
- Oct 4, 1974Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference scheduled in Senate.
- Sep 19, 1974FloorFloor · Measure passed House, amended, in lieu of H.R. 7917.
- Sep 13, 1973CommitteeCommittee · Referred to House Energy and Commerce Committee
- Sep 12, 1973FloorFloor · Measure passed Senate, amended.
- Jun 28, 1973CommitteeCommittee · Reported by Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee
- May 23, 1973CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee
- May 14, 1973CommitteeCommittee · Reported by Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee
- Jan 12, 1973CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee
- IntroducedIntroduced · Introduced in the Senate
Data notes
Shows the introduction, each committee and subcommittee step the source dates (referral, hearings, markup, report, discharge), and the floor, conference, presidential and became-law steps. Calendar placements, messages between the chambers, amendments and committee report numbers are not shown for laws before the 108th Congress. Two entries the source lists twice are shown once.
Official record
The bill’s full text and every action, including introduction and committee steps, are on Congress.gov. Data through Oct 7, 2026.