Congress · Laws

A bill to amend chapter 84, section 1752 of title 18, United States Code, to authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to establish zones of protection for certain persons protected by the United States Secret Service.

Public Law 97-308 · H.R. 4468 · 97th Congress · began in the House

Signed by Ronald Reagan (R) on Oct 14, 1982 · Crime and Law Enforcement

Sponsor: Rep. George Danielson (D-CA-30)

Cosponsors (1): Rep. Carlos Moorhead

Passage votesYeaNay

HouseRecorded vote: 379 yea, 1 nay379–1
SenateVoice vote

Data notes

The final version of the law, as each chamber passed it. A chamber that passed it by voice vote or unanimous consent has no count. “Method not stated” means the record does not say how the chamber voted. Where the record has a member-by-member vote, the “Who voted for it” section shows who voted yea.

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Summary

The Congressional Research Service’s plain-language summary of what the law does.

(Measure passed House, amended, roll call #25 (379-1))

Amends the Federal criminal code to extend the scope of the current provision authorizing a physical zone of protection for the President to all Secret Service protectees.

Increases from $300 to $1,000 the maximum fine for interfering with a Secret Service agent performing protective functions.

Who voted for it

Every House member of the 97th Congress on the ideology compass. Highlighted: the 381 who voted yea on final passage. Faded: everyone else, including those who voted nay, did not vote, or had not yet taken office.

381 yea1 nay51 present or did not vote

Dimension 2

Economic left–right

More liberalMore conservative

Democrats who voted yea(211)

Rep. Bill ClayD-MO-1
Rep. Martin SaboD-MN-5
Rep. Tom HarkinD-IA-5
Rep. Patricia SchroederD-CO-1
Rep. Parren MitchellD-MD-7
Rep. John ConyersD-MI-1
Rep. Mickey LelandD-TX-18
Rep. Shirley ChisholmD-NY-12
Rep. Mervyn DymallyD-CA-31
Rep. Louis StokesD-OH-21
Rep. Phillip BurtonD-CA-6
Rep. Charlie RangelD-NY-19
Rep. William GrayD-PA-2
Rep. Frederick RichmondD-NY-14
Rep. John BurtonD-CA-5
Rep. Theodore WeissD-NY-20
Rep. Edward RoybalD-CA-25
Rep. John SeiberlingD-OH-14
Rep. Robert KastenmeierD-WI-2
Rep. Don EdwardsD-CA-10
Rep. Robert GarciaD-NY-21
Rep. George BrownD-CA-36
Rep. Anthony BeilensonD-CA-23
Rep. James OberstarD-MN-8
Rep. Cardiss CollinsD-IL-7
Rep. Pete StarkD-CA-9
Rep. William BrodheadD-MI-17
Rep. David BoniorD-MI-12
Rep. Richard BollingD-MO-5
Rep. Victor FazioD-CA-4
Rep. Harold WashingtonD-IL-1
Rep. Jonathan BinghamD-NY-22
Rep. Paul SimonD-IL-24
Rep. Benjamin RosenthalD-NY-8
Rep. William LehmanD-FL-13
Rep. Toby MoffettD-CT-6
Rep. Gerry StuddsD-MA-12
Rep. John DingellD-MI-16
Rep. Henry ReussD-WI-5
Rep. James ShannonD-MA-5
Rep. James ScheuerD-NY-11
Rep. Daniel AkakaD-HI-2
Rep. Richard OttingerD-NY-24
Rep. Robert MatsuiD-CA-3
Rep. William CoyneD-PA-14
Rep. Henry WaxmanD-CA-24
Rep. Dale KildeeD-MI-7
Rep. Nick RahallD-WV-4
Rep. Claude PepperD-FL-14
Rep. Michael LowryD-WA-7
Rep. James HowardD-NJ-3
Rep. Sidney YatesD-IL-9
Rep. John MoakleyD-MA-9
Rep. Thomas DowneyD-NY-2
Rep. Stephen SolarzD-NY-13
Rep. Bruce VentoD-MN-4
Rep. Dave ObeyD-WI-7
Rep. Barney FrankD-MA-4
Rep. Robert EdgarD-PA-7
Rep. Chuck SchumerD-NY-16
Rep. Norman MinetaD-CA-13
Rep. Albert GoreD-TN-4
Rep. Bernard DwyerD-NJ-15
Rep. Brian DonnellyD-MA-11
Rep. Barbara MikulskiD-MD-3
Rep. Raymond KogovsekD-CO-3
Rep. Ed MarkeyD-MA-7
Rep. Robert MollohanD-WV-1
Rep. Geraldine FerraroD-NY-9
Rep. Steny HoyerD-MD-5
Rep. Donald BaileyD-PA-21
Rep. Joseph EarlyD-MA-3
Rep. Anthony CoelhoD-CA-15
Rep. Martin FrostD-TX-24
Rep. Charles PriceD-IL-23
Rep. Barbara KennellyD-CT-1
Rep. Frank GuariniD-NJ-14
Rep. Thomas FoleyD-WA-5
Rep. Dante FascellD-FL-15
Rep. Mary OakarD-OH-20
Rep. James WrightD-TX-12
Rep. Morris UdallD-AZ-2
Rep. Matthew McHughD-NY-27
Rep. Joseph SmithD-PA-3
Rep. Mario BiaggiD-NY-10
Rep. Frank AnnunzioD-IL-11
Rep. Nicholas MavroulesD-MA-6
Rep. Carl PerkinsD-KY-7
Rep. Howard WolpeD-MI-3
Rep. James MattoxD-TX-5
Rep. Adam BenjaminD-IN-1
Rep. Dennis HertelD-MI-14
Rep. James WeaverD-OR-4
Rep. Ron WydenD-OR-3
Rep. Peter PeyserD-NY-23
Rep. Joseph MinishD-NJ-11
Rep. Gillis LongD-LA-8
Rep. John MurthaD-PA-12
Rep. William RatchfordD-CT-5
Rep. James BlanchardD-MI-18
Rep. Bill AlexanderD-AR-1
Rep. Henry NowakD-NY-37
Rep. Leo ZeferettiD-NY-15
Rep. Lindy BoggsD-LA-2
Rep. Clement ZablockiD-WI-4
Rep. Jerome TraxlerD-MI-8
Rep. Les AuCoinD-OR-1
Rep. Leslie AspinD-WI-1
Rep. Daniel RostenkowskiD-IL-8
Rep. Norm DicksD-WA-6
Rep. Robert RoeD-NJ-8
Rep. Allan SwiftD-WA-2
Rep. Don BonkerD-WA-3
Rep. Fernand St. GermainD-RI-1
Rep. Dennis EckartD-OH-22
Rep. Donald PeaseD-OH-13
Rep. Timothy WirthD-CO-2
Rep. Joseph GaydosD-PA-20
Rep. Edward BolandD-MA-2
Rep. Walter JonesD-NC-1
Rep. Jerry PattersonD-CA-38
Rep. John LaFalceD-NY-36
Rep. Sam GejdensonD-CT-2
Rep. Stanley LundineD-NY-39
Rep. Robert ShamanskyD-OH-12
Rep. Leon PanettaD-CA-16
Rep. Michael SynarD-OK-2
Rep. Neal SmithD-IA-4
Rep. Byron DorganD-ND
Rep. Tom BevillD-AL-4
Rep. Donald AlbostaD-MI-10
Rep. Wyche FowlerD-GA-5
Rep. David BowenD-MS-2
Rep. Allen ErtelD-PA-17
Rep. William NatcherD-KY-2
Rep. Tom DaschleD-SD-1
Rep. Dick GephardtD-MO-3
Rep. Michael BarnesD-MD-8
Rep. Douglas WalgrenD-PA-18
Rep. Berkley BedellD-IA-6
Rep. Wes WatkinsD-OK-3
Rep. Clarence LongD-MD-2
Rep. Jamie WhittenD-MS-1
Rep. Floyd FithianD-IN-2
Rep. Robert YoungD-MO-2
Rep. William BonerD-TN-5
Rep. Beryl AnthonyD-AR-4
Rep. Ed JonesD-TN-7
Rep. James JonesD-OK-1
Rep. Butler DerrickD-SC-3
Rep. Ike AndrewsD-NC-4
Rep. Abraham KazenD-TX-23
Rep. Samuel StrattonD-NY-28
Rep. Martin RussoD-IL-3
Rep. Marilyn LloydD-TN-3
Rep. Bill HefnerD-NC-8
Rep. Norman D’AmoursD-NH-1
Rep. Harold VolkmerD-MO-9
Rep. Glenn AndersonD-CA-32
Rep. Gus YatronD-PA-6
Rep. Royden DysonD-MD-1
Rep. Daniel MicaD-FL-11
Rep. Kenneth HollandD-SC-5
Rep. Thomas LukenD-OH-2
Rep. Romano MazzoliD-KY-3
Rep. Don FuquaD-FL-2
Rep. William HughesD-NJ-2
Rep. Charles HatcherD-GA-2
Rep. Charles WilsonD-TX-2
Rep. Daniel GlickmanD-KS-4
Rep. Charles WhitleyD-NC-3
Rep. Bill NelsonD-FL-9
Rep. Philip SharpD-IN-10
Rep. Jack BrinkleyD-GA-3
Rep. Lee HamiltonD-IN-9
Rep. William PatmanD-TX-14
Rep. Carroll HubbardD-KY-1
Rep. Sam GibbonsD-FL-7
Rep. Ike SkeltonD-MO-4
Rep. Jake PickleD-TX-10
Rep. Douglas ApplegateD-OH-18
Rep. Earl HuttoD-FL-1
Rep. William ChappellD-FL-4
Rep. David McCurdyD-OK-4
Rep. Richard WhiteD-TX-16
Rep. Ed JenkinsD-GA-9
Rep. Billy EvansD-GA-8
Rep. Elliott LevitasD-GA-4
Rep. Jack HightowerD-TX-13
Rep. Charles BennettD-FL-3
Rep. William NicholsD-AL-3
Rep. Glenn EnglishD-OK-6
Rep. Druie BarnardD-GA-10
Rep. Kent HanceD-TX-19
Rep. Beverly ByronD-MD-6
Rep. John BreauxD-LA-7
Rep. Ronald MottlD-OH-23
Rep. Thomas HuckabyD-LA-5
Rep. Ralph HallD-TX-4
Rep. Sam HallD-TX-1
Rep. Billy TauzinD-LA-3
Rep. Andy IrelandD-FL-8
Rep. Richard ShelbyD-AL-7
Rep. Sonny MontgomeryD-MS-3
Rep. James LeathD-TX-11
Rep. Charlie StenholmD-TX-17
Rep. Dan DanielD-VA-5
Rep. Buddy RoemerD-LA-4
Rep. Phil GrammD-TX-6
Rep. Robert StumpD-AZ-3
Rep. Lawrence McDonaldD-GA-7

Republicans who voted yea(169)

Rep. Harold HollenbeckR-NJ-9
Rep. Bill GreenR-NY-18
Rep. Matthew RinaldoR-NJ-12
Rep. Jim JeffordsR-VT
Rep. Silvio ConteR-MA-1
Rep. Charles DoughertyR-PA-4
Rep. Stewart McKinneyR-CT-4
Rep. Benjamin GilmanR-NY-26
Rep. Robert DavisR-MI-11
Rep. Frank HortonR-NY-34
Rep. Joseph McDadeR-PA-10
Rep. Lyle WilliamsR-OH-19
Rep. Jim LeachR-IA-1
Rep. Hamilton FishR-NY-25
Rep. Chris SmithR-NJ-4
Rep. Joel PritchardR-WA-1
Rep. Thomas RailsbackR-IL-19
Rep. Donald MitchellR-NY-31
Rep. Olympia SnoweR-ME-2
Rep. Huey DeckardR-IN-8
Rep. James NelliganR-PA-11
Rep. William WamplerR-VA-9
Rep. John DuncanR-TN-2
Rep. William ClingerR-PA-23
Rep. Arlen ErdahlR-MN-1
Rep. Harold SawyerR-MI-5
Rep. Millicent FenwickR-NJ-5
Rep. David EmeryR-ME-1
Rep. Donald ClausenR-CA-2
Rep. Jack EdwardsR-AL-1
Rep. Thomas EvansR-DE
Rep. Norman LentR-NY-4
Rep. Guy MolinariR-NY-17
Rep. Paul FindleyR-IL-20
Rep. Ralph RegulaR-OH-16
Rep. John NapierR-SC-6
Rep. Marge RoukemaR-NJ-7
Rep. Frank WolfR-VA-10
Rep. Thomas TaukeR-IA-2
Rep. James DunnR-MI-6
Rep. John HammerschmidtR-AR-3
Rep. Earl ColemanR-MO-6
Rep. John PorterR-IL-10
Rep. James QuillenR-TN-1
Rep. John RhodesR-AZ-1
Rep. John StantonR-OH-11
Rep. Chalmers WylieR-OH-15
Rep. David MarriottR-UT-2
Rep. Guy Vander JagtR-MI-9
Rep. Hal RogersR-KY-5
Rep. Elwood HillisR-IN-5
Rep. Sidney MorrisonR-WA-4
Rep. James CourterR-NJ-13
Rep. Raymond McGrathR-NY-5
Rep. James CoyneR-PA-8
Rep. Doug BereuterR-NE-1
Rep. Paul TribleR-VA-1
Rep. Marion SnyderR-KY-4
Rep. George WhitehurstR-VA-2
Rep. Lynn MartinR-IL-16
Rep. Bobbi FiedlerR-CA-21
Rep. William CarneyR-NY-1
Rep. Larry HopkinsR-KY-6
Rep. Skip BafalisR-FL-10
Rep. Edward WeberR-OH-9
Rep. Henry HydeR-IL-6
Rep. Charles PashayanR-CA-17
Rep. David MartinR-NY-30
Rep. Robin BeardR-TN-6
Rep. John MyersR-IN-7
Rep. Robert McCloryR-IL-13
Rep. Edward MadiganR-IL-21
Rep. Toby RothR-WI-8
Rep. Cleveland BenedictR-WV-2
Rep. Larry WinnR-KS-3
Rep. Edwin BethuneR-AR-2
Rep. Steven GundersonR-WI-3
Rep. Floyd SpenceR-SC-2
Rep. Newton GingrichR-GA-6
Rep. Thomas EvansR-IA-3
Rep. Manuel LujánR-NM-1
Rep. Virginia SmithR-NE-3
Rep. William BroomfieldR-MI-19
Rep. Carroll CampbellR-SC-4
Rep. Joseph SkeenR-NM-2
Rep. Robert LivingstonR-LA-1
Rep. Willis GradisonR-OH-1
Rep. William MooreR-LA-6
Rep. Bob McEwenR-OH-6
Rep. Ronald MarleneeR-MT-2
Rep. Gene TaylorR-MO-7
Rep. Arlan StangelandR-MN-7
Rep. Tom PetriR-WI-6
Rep. Jack KempR-NY-38
Rep. Richard SchulzeR-PA-5
Rep. Clay ShawR-FL-12
Rep. Hal DaubR-NE-2
Rep. Robert WhittakerR-KS-5
Rep. Thomas CorcoranR-IL-15
Rep. David StatonR-WV-3
Rep. Edwin ForsytheR-NJ-6
Rep. Donald RitterR-PA-15
Rep. Duncan HunterR-CA-42
Rep. James RobinsonR-VA-7
Rep. Trent LottR-MS-5
Rep. Gregory CarmanR-NY-3
Rep. Robert MichelR-IL-18
Rep. Michael OxleyR-OH-4
Rep. Bill McCollumR-FL-5
Rep. Gary LeeR-NY-33
Rep. Thomas HagedornR-MN-2
Rep. Eugene ChappieR-CA-1
Rep. Bud ShusterR-PA-9
Rep. John LeBoutillierR-NY-6
Rep. Pat RobertsR-KS-1
Rep. Robert DanielR-VA-4
Rep. Clair BurgenerR-CA-43
Rep. James MartinR-NC-9
Rep. Tom BlileyR-VA-3
Rep. Bill ThomasR-CA-18
Rep. Kenneth KramerR-CO-5
Rep. Robert LagomarsinoR-CA-19
Rep. Eldon RuddR-AZ-4
Rep. William HendonR-NC-11
Rep. Daniel CoatsR-IN-4
Rep. Barber ConableR-NY-35
Rep. Thomas LoefflerR-TX-21
Rep. Mark SiljanderR-MI-4
Rep. William FrenzelR-MN-3
Rep. James BroyhillR-NC-10
Rep. William GoodlingR-PA-19
Rep. Mickey EdwardsR-OK-5
Rep. Marjorie HoltR-MD-4
Rep. Judd GreggR-NH-2
Rep. Thomas KindnessR-OH-8
Rep. Edward DerwinskiR-IL-4
Rep. Wayne GrishamR-CA-33
Rep. John WeberR-MN-6
Rep. Carlos MoorheadR-CA-22
Rep. John HilerR-IN-3
Rep. Manley ButlerR-VA-6
Rep. Richard CheneyR-WY
Rep. James SensenbrennerR-WI-9
Rep. Albert SmithR-AL-6
Rep. Wendell BaileyR-MO-8
Rep. Thomas HartnettR-SC-1
Rep. James HansenR-UT-1
Rep. Bill EmersonR-MO-10
Rep. Clarence MillerR-OH-10
Rep. William DickinsonR-AL-2
Rep. Robert BadhamR-CA-40
Rep. Daniel LungrenR-CA-34
Rep. Larry CraigR-ID-1
Rep. Bill ArcherR-TX-7
Rep. Gerald SolomonR-NY-29
Rep. Norman ShumwayR-CA-14
Rep. Hank BrownR-CO-4
Rep. Jack FieldsR-TX-8
Rep. Robert WalkerR-PA-16
Rep. George HansenR-ID-2
Rep. William DannemeyerR-CA-39
Rep. James CollinsR-TX-3
Rep. David DreierR-CA-35
Rep. James JeffriesR-KS-2
Rep. Denny SmithR-OR-2
Rep. Phil CraneR-IL-12
Rep. Daniel CraneR-IL-22
Rep. Walter JohnstonR-NC-6
Rep. Ron PaulR-TX-22

Data notes

The House’s recorded vote on the final version of the law (roll call 377 in Voteview), matched to the vote the record cites and checked against its totals. Positions are each member’s DW-NOMINATE score for that Congress, as on the Ideology page; left to right is more liberal to more conservative. Paired and announced yea votes count as yea. Lists follow the compass, most liberal first. 1 yea vote was cast by members of neither major party and is highlighted on the compass but not listed. A name links to a profile only for members of the current Congress. A law passed by voice vote or unanimous consent has no member list, and neither does a vote Voteview has not yet recorded.

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Committees

The committees the bill was sent to, and what each did with it.

Judiciary Committee · House · markup by, referred to, reported bySubcommittee: Administrative Law and Governmental Relations Subcommittee
Judiciary Committee · Senate · discharged from, referred toSubcommittee: Bankruptcy and the Courts Subcommittee

Data notes

A committee links to its page only where it exists in the current Congress; older and renamed committees are named without a link.

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Timeline

From introduction to signing, newest first: the committees, the floor and the president. 19 actions.

Oct 14, 1982Became lawBecame law · Became Public Law No: 97-308.
Became lawBecame law · Signed by President.
Oct 5, 1982PresidentPresident · Presented to President.
Oct 1, 1982FloorFloor · Passed Senate without amendment by Voice Vote.
CommitteeCommittee · Discharged from Senate Judiciary Committee
Sep 27, 1982CommitteeCommittee · Reported by Bankruptcy and the Courts Subcommittee of the Senate Judiciary Committee
CommitteeCommittee · Markup by Bankruptcy and the Courts Subcommittee of the Senate Judiciary Committee
Apr 20, 1982CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Bankruptcy and the Courts Subcommittee of the Senate Judiciary Committee
Mar 30, 1982CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Senate Judiciary Committee
Mar 18, 1982FloorFloor · Passed House by Yea-Nay Vote: 379 - 1 (Record Vote No: 25).House roll call 25
Mar 16, 1982FloorFloor · Considered by House Unfinished Business Vote Postponed Until March 18, 1982.
Mar 8, 1982CommitteeCommittee · Reported by House Judiciary Committee
Mar 3, 1982CommitteeCommittee · Markup by House Judiciary Committee
Oct 6, 1981CommitteeCommittee · Reported by Administrative Law and Governmental Relations Subcommittee of the House Judiciary Committee
CommitteeCommittee · Markup by Administrative Law and Governmental Relations Subcommittee of the House Judiciary Committee
Sep 17, 1981CommitteeCommittee · Hearings by Administrative Law and Governmental Relations Subcommittee of the House Judiciary Committee
Sep 16, 1981CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Administrative Law and Governmental Relations Subcommittee of the House Judiciary Committee
Sep 14, 1981CommitteeCommittee · Referred to House Judiciary Committee
IntroducedIntroduced · Introduced in the House

Data notes

Shows the introduction, each committee and subcommittee step the source dates (referral, hearings, markup, report, discharge), and the floor, conference, presidential and became-law steps. Calendar placements, messages between the chambers, amendments and committee report numbers are not shown for laws before the 108th Congress. Two entries the source lists twice are shown once.

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Official record

The bill’s full text and every action, including introduction and committee steps, are on Congress.gov. Data through Oct 7, 2026.