Congress · Laws

Providing for the appointment of Howard H. Baker, Jr. as a citizen regent of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution.

Public Law 104-82 · H.J.Res. 110 · 104th Congress · began in the House

Signed by Bill Clinton (D) on Dec 28, 1995 · Government Operations and Politics

Sponsor: Rep. Robert Livingston (R-LA-1)

Cosponsors (2): Rep. Norman Mineta, Rep. Sam Johnson

Passage votesYeaNay

HouseRecorded vote: 389 yea, 0 nay389–0
SenateVoice vote

Data notes

The final version of the law, as each chamber passed it. A chamber that passed it by voice vote or unanimous consent has no count. “Method not stated” means the record does not say how the chamber voted. Where the record has a member-by-member vote, the “Who voted for it” section shows who voted yea.

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Summary

The Congressional Research Service’s plain-language summary of what the law does.

Appoints Howard H. Baker, Jr., of the District of Columbia to fill a vacancy on the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution.

Who voted for it

Every House member of the 104th Congress on the ideology compass. Highlighted: the 389 who voted yea on final passage. Faded: everyone else, including those who voted nay, did not vote, or had not yet taken office.

389 yea0 nay43 present or did not vote

Dimension 2

Economic left–right

More liberalMore conservative

Democrats who voted yea(171)

Rep. John ConyersD-MI-14
Rep. Maxine WatersD-CA-35
Rep. Ronald DellumsD-CA-9
Rep. Xavier BecerraD-CA-30
Rep. Major OwensD-NY-11
Rep. Cardiss CollinsD-IL-7
Rep. John LewisD-GA-5
Rep. Nydia VelázquezD-NY-12
Rep. Pete StarkD-CA-13
Rep. Mel WattD-NC-12
Rep. Alcee HastingsD-FL-23
Rep. Bennie ThompsonD-MS-2
Rep. Bob FilnerD-CA-50
Rep. Jim McDermottD-WA-7
Rep. Maurice HincheyD-NY-26
Rep. Sidney YatesD-IL-9
Rep. Earl HilliardD-AL-7
Rep. Patricia SchroederD-CO-1
Rep. David BoniorD-MI-10
Rep. Carrie MeekD-FL-17
Rep. Charlie RangelD-NY-15
Rep. Jim ClyburnD-SC-6
Rep. Jerrold NadlerD-NY-8
Rep. Lucille Roybal-AllardD-CA-33
Rep. Neil AbercrombieD-HI-1
Rep. George MillerD-CA-7
Rep. Bernie SandersD-VT
Rep. Kweisi MfumeD-MD-7
Rep. William CoyneD-PA-14
Rep. José SerranoD-NY-16
Rep. George BrownD-CA-42
Rep. John OlverD-MA-1
Rep. Eddie JohnsonD-TX-30
Rep. Patsy MinkD-HI-2
Rep. James OberstarD-MN-8
Rep. Martin SaboD-MN-5
Rep. Henry WaxmanD-CA-29
Rep. Luis GutiérrezD-IL-4
Rep. Lane EvansD-IL-17
Rep. Bruce VentoD-MN-4
Rep. Nancy PelosiD-CA-8
Rep. Lynn WoolseyD-CA-6
Rep. Eliot EngelD-NY-17
Rep. Eva ClaytonD-NC-1
Rep. Corrine BrownD-FL-3
Rep. Gerry StuddsD-MA-10
Rep. William JeffersonD-LA-2
Rep. Ed MarkeyD-MA-7
Rep. Dick GephardtD-MO-3
Rep. Esteban TorresD-CA-34
Rep. John DingellD-MI-16
Rep. Bobby ScottD-VA-3
Rep. Ronald ColemanD-TX-16
Rep. Julian DixonD-CA-32
Rep. Albert WynnD-MD-4
Rep. Harry JohnstonD-FL-19
Rep. Sam GibbonsD-FL-11
Rep. Barney FrankD-MA-4
Rep. Sam GejdensonD-CT-2
Rep. Ed PastorD-AZ-2
Rep. John LaFalceD-NY-29
Rep. Sheila Jackson LeeD-TX-18
Rep. Tom LantosD-CA-12
Rep. Anthony BeilensonD-CA-24
Rep. Victor FazioD-CA-3
Rep. Carolyn MaloneyD-NY-14
Rep. John MoakleyD-MA-9
Rep. John BryantD-TX-5
Rep. Zoe LofgrenD-CA-16
Rep. Joseph KennedyD-MA-8
Rep. Howard BermanD-CA-26
Rep. Richard DurbinD-IL-20
Rep. Robert MatsuiD-CA-5
Rep. Elizabeth FurseD-OR-1
Rep. Richard NealD-MA-2
Rep. Sam FarrD-CA-17
Rep. Henry GonzálezD-TX-20
Rep. Patrick KennedyD-RI-1
Rep. Sherrod BrownD-OH-13
Rep. Dale KildeeD-MI-9
Rep. Matthew MartínezD-CA-31
Rep. Peter DeFazioD-OR-4
Rep. Rosa DeLauroD-CT-3
Rep. Robert BorskiD-PA-3
Rep. Sander LevinD-MI-12
Rep. Harold VolkmerD-MO-9
Rep. Anna EshooD-CA-14
Rep. Lynn RiversD-MI-13
Rep. Dave ObeyD-WI-7
Rep. David SkaggsD-CO-2
Rep. Gene GreenD-TX-29
Rep. Robert WiseD-WV-2
Rep. Jack ReedD-RI-2
Rep. Thomas SawyerD-OH-14
Rep. Michael WardD-KY-3
Rep. Steny HoyerD-MD-5
Rep. Bart StupakD-MI-1
Rep. William RichardsonD-NM-3
Rep. Martin FrostD-TX-24
Rep. Norm DicksD-WA-6
Rep. Sanford BishopD-GA-2
Rep. Frank PalloneD-NJ-6
Rep. Ron WydenD-OR-3
Rep. Paul KanjorskiD-PA-11
Rep. Lloyd DoggettD-TX-10
Rep. Marty MeehanD-MA-5
Rep. Marcy KapturD-OH-9
Rep. Peter ViscloskyD-IN-1
Rep. Thomas BarrettD-WI-5
Rep. Barbara KennellyD-CT-1
Rep. Alan MollohanD-WV-1
Rep. Chuck SchumerD-NY-9
Rep. Bill HefnerD-NC-8
Rep. Tony HallD-OH-3
Rep. John BaldacciD-ME-2
Rep. Ken BentsenD-TX-25
Rep. Earl PomeroyD-ND
Rep. Frank MascaraD-PA-20
Rep. Peter DeutschD-FL-20
Rep. Nick RahallD-WV-3
Rep. Karen McCarthyD-MO-5
Rep. Jerry CostelloD-IL-12
Rep. Benjamin CardinD-MD-3
Rep. Kika de la GarzaD-TX-15
Rep. Karen ThurmanD-FL-5
Rep. William LutherD-MN-6
Rep. Charles RoseD-NC-7
Rep. Jerry KleczkaD-WI-4
Rep. Tim JohnsonD-SD
Rep. Jim MoranD-VA-8
Rep. Paul McHaleD-PA-15
Rep. Frank TejedaD-TX-28
Rep. Solomon OrtizD-TX-27
Rep. John SprattD-SC-5
Rep. Rick BoucherD-VA-9
Rep. James BarciaD-MI-5
Rep. Michael DoyleD-PA-18
Rep. Michael McNultyD-NY-21
Rep. Tim HoldenD-PA-6
Rep. Chet EdwardsD-TX-11
Rep. Glenn PoshardD-IL-19
Rep. John MurthaD-PA-12
Rep. Robert ClementD-TN-5
Rep. David MingeD-MN-2
Rep. Jim ChapmanD-TX-1
Rep. Pat DannerD-MO-6
Rep. William LipinskiD-IL-3
Rep. Jane HarmanD-CA-36
Rep. Tom BevillD-AL-4
Rep. Bart GordonD-TN-6
Rep. William OrtonD-UT-3
Rep. Cal DooleyD-CA-20
Rep. Lee HamiltonD-IN-9
Rep. Lewis PayneD-VA-5
Rep. Timothy RoemerD-IN-3
Rep. John TannerD-TN-8
Rep. John BrowderD-AL-3
Rep. Bud CramerD-AL-5
Rep. Scotty BaeslerD-KY-6
Rep. Owen PickettD-VA-2
Rep. Ike SkeltonD-MO-4
Rep. Collin PetersonD-MN-7
Rep. Norman SisiskyD-VA-4
Rep. James TraficantD-OH-17
Rep. Charlie StenholmD-TX-17
Rep. Gary ConditD-CA-18
Rep. Gene TaylorD-MS-5
Rep. William BrewsterD-OK-3
Rep. Pete GerenD-TX-12
Rep. Sonny MontgomeryD-MS-3
Rep. Ralph HallD-TX-4

Republicans who voted yea(218)

Rep. Constance MorellaR-MD-8
Rep. Sherry BoehlertR-NY-23
Rep. Benjamin GilmanR-NY-20
Rep. Marge RoukemaR-NJ-5
Rep. Peter TorkildsenR-MA-6
Rep. Christopher ShaysR-CT-4
Rep. Jim LeachR-IA-1
Rep. Michael ForbesR-NY-1
Rep. Jack QuinnR-NY-30
Rep. Tom DavisR-VA-11
Rep. Amo HoughtonR-NY-31
Rep. Nancy JohnsonR-CT-6
Rep. Lincoln Diaz-BalartR-FL-21
Rep. Chris SmithR-NJ-4
Rep. Jim BunnR-OR-5
Rep. Steven SchiffR-NM-1
Rep. Peter BluteR-MA-3
Rep. Stephen HornR-CA-38
Rep. William MartiniR-NJ-8
Rep. Ileana Ros-LehtinenR-FL-18
Rep. Jon FoxR-PA-13
Rep. Steven GundersonR-WI-3
Rep. Michael CastleR-DE
Rep. Doug BereuterR-NE-1
Rep. Jimmy DuncanR-TN-2
Rep. John McHughR-NY-24
Rep. Phil EnglishR-PA-21
Rep. Steven LaTouretteR-OH-19
Rep. Wayne GilchrestR-MD-1
Rep. Richard ZimmerR-NJ-12
Rep. Rick LazioR-NY-2
Rep. Frank LoBiondoR-NJ-2
Rep. Jim GreenwoodR-PA-8
Rep. Jan MeyersR-KS-3
Rep. Pete KingR-NY-3
Rep. Ralph RegulaR-OH-16
Rep. Sue KellyR-NY-19
Rep. William ClingerR-PA-5
Rep. Gary FranksR-CT-5
Rep. Bob FranksR-NJ-7
Rep. Frank WolfR-VA-10
Rep. Bob NeyR-OH-18
Rep. Michael FlanaganR-IL-5
Rep. Dan FrisaR-NY-4
Rep. James LongleyR-ME-1
Rep. Herbert BatemanR-VA-1
Rep. Jerry LewisR-CA-40
Rep. John PorterR-IL-10
Rep. Don YoungR-AK
Rep. Fred UptonR-MI-6
Rep. Ray LaHoodR-IL-18
Rep. Frank RiggsR-CA-1
Rep. Joseph SkeenR-NM-2
Rep. William GoodlingR-PA-19
Rep. Jim SaxtonR-NJ-3
Rep. Rodney FrelinghuysenR-NJ-11
Rep. Dave HobsonR-OH-7
Rep. Fred HeinemanR-NC-4
Rep. John EnsignR-NV-1
Rep. Brian BilbrayR-CA-49
Rep. Paul GillmorR-OH-5
Rep. James QuillenR-TN-1
Rep. Bill ThomasR-CA-21
Rep. Tillie FowlerR-FL-4
Rep. Billy TauzinD-LA-3
Rep. Robert EhrlichR-MD-2
Rep. Hal RogersR-KY-5
Rep. James LightfootR-IA-3
Rep. Pat RobertsR-KS-1
Rep. Deborah PryceR-OH-15
Rep. W. Bill YoungR-FL-10
Rep. Jerry WellerR-IL-11
Rep. Robert LivingstonR-LA-1
Rep. Greg GanskeR-IA-4
Rep. James HayesD-LA-7
Rep. Joe KnollenbergR-MI-11
Rep. Clay ShawR-FL-22
Rep. Harris FawellR-IL-13
Rep. Jim RamstadR-MN-3
Rep. Scott KlugR-WI-2
Rep. Jim McCreryR-LA-5
Rep. Michael BilirakisR-FL-9
Rep. Bill BarrettR-NE-3
Rep. Charles CanadyR-FL-12
Rep. John MyersR-IN-7
Rep. Michael OxleyR-OH-4
Rep. Henry HydeR-IL-6
Rep. Mark FoleyR-FL-16
Rep. George GekasR-PA-17
Rep. Ken CalvertR-CA-43
Rep. Bill McCollumR-FL-8
Rep. Henry BonillaR-TX-23
Rep. H. CallahanR-AL-1
Rep. Barbara VucanovichR-NV-2
Rep. J.C. WattsR-OK-4
Rep. George NethercuttR-WA-5
Rep. Jim KolbeR-AZ-5
Rep. Steve BuyerR-IN-5
Rep. Bill EmersonR-MO-8
Rep. Floyd SpenceR-SC-2
Rep. Jack KingstonR-GA-1
Rep. Rob PortmanR-OH-2
Rep. Sonny BonoR-CA-44
Rep. Spencer BachusR-AL-6
Rep. Ron PackardR-CA-48
Rep. Bob GoodlatteR-VA-6
Rep. Dave CampR-MI-4
Rep. Charlie BassR-NH-2
Rep. Jack MetcalfR-WA-2
Rep. Tom BlileyR-VA-7
Rep. Jennifer DunnR-WA-8
Rep. Lamar SmithR-TX-21
Rep. Mike ParkerD-MS-4
Rep. Frank CremeansR-OH-6
Rep. Frank LucasR-OK-6
Rep. Thomas EwingR-IL-15
Rep. Zach WampR-TN-3
Rep. Bud ShusterR-PA-9
Rep. Tom LathamR-IA-5
Rep. Saxby ChamblissR-GA-8
Rep. Roger WickerR-MS-1
Rep. Tim HutchinsonR-AR-3
Rep. Rick WhiteR-WA-1
Rep. Terry EverettR-AL-2
Rep. Lindsey GrahamR-SC-3
Rep. Jay DickeyR-AR-4
Rep. Dave WeldonR-FL-15
Rep. Richard BurrR-NC-5
Rep. Porter GossR-FL-14
Rep. Enid Greene WaldholtzR-UT-2
Rep. Charles TaylorR-NC-11
Rep. Duke CunninghamR-CA-51
Rep. Linda SmithR-WA-3
Rep. Walter JonesR-NC-3
Rep. William ZeliffR-NH-1
Rep. Cass BallengerR-NC-10
Rep. Buck McKeonR-CA-25
Rep. Dan MillerR-FL-13
Rep. Jim NussleR-IA-2
Rep. Ron LewisR-KY-2
Rep. Carlos MoorheadR-CA-27
Rep. Duncan HunterR-CA-52
Rep. John LinderR-GA-4
Rep. Jack FieldsR-TX-8
Rep. Denny HastertR-IL-14
Rep. James HansenR-UT-1
Rep. Scott McInnisR-CO-3
Rep. Jay KimR-CA-41
Rep. Doc HastingsR-WA-4
Rep. John MicaR-FL-7
Rep. Gregory LaughlinD-TX-14
Rep. John BoehnerR-OH-8
Rep. Toby RothR-WI-8
Rep. Ed BryantR-TN-7
Rep. Gerald SolomonR-NY-22
Rep. John KasichR-OH-12
Rep. Randy TateR-WA-9
Rep. David DreierR-CA-28
Rep. Dick ChryslerR-MI-8
Rep. Charlie NorwoodR-GA-10
Rep. Jim TalentR-MO-2
Rep. Sam BrownbackR-KS-2
Rep. George RadanovichR-CA-19
Rep. Howard CobleR-NC-6
Rep. Barbara CubinR-WY
Rep. Nick SmithR-MI-7
Rep. Mike CrapoR-ID-2
Rep. Donald ManzulloR-IL-16
Rep. Mac CollinsR-GA-3
Rep. Robert DornanR-CA-46
Rep. Larry CombestR-TX-19
Rep. Jim BunningR-KY-4
Rep. Robert WalkerR-PA-16
Rep. Bill ArcherR-TX-7
Rep. Van HillearyR-TN-4
Rep. Andrea SeastrandR-CA-22
Rep. Tom DeLayR-TX-22
Rep. Dan SchaeferR-CO-6
Rep. David FunderburkR-NC-2
Rep. J.D. HayworthR-AZ-6
Rep. Tom PetriR-WI-6
Rep. Ernest IstookR-OK-5
Rep. Dan BurtonR-IN-6
Rep. David McIntoshR-IN-2
Rep. Mac ThornberryR-TX-13
Rep. Wayne AllardR-CO-4
Rep. Richard ArmeyR-TX-26
Rep. Jon ChristensenR-NE-2
Rep. Wally HergerR-CA-2
Rep. John DoolittleR-CA-4
Rep. Joe BartonR-TX-6
Rep. Steve ChabotR-OH-1
Rep. Pete HoekstraR-MI-2
Rep. Christopher CoxR-CA-47
Rep. Mark SanfordR-SC-1
Rep. Matt SalmonR-AZ-1
Rep. Gil GutknechtR-MN-1
Rep. Cliff StearnsR-FL-6
Rep. Sam JohnsonR-TX-3
Rep. Todd TiahrtR-KS-4
Rep. Richard PomboR-CA-11
Rep. Steve LargentR-OK-1
Rep. Phil CraneR-IL-8
Rep. John HostettlerR-IN-8
Rep. Dana RohrabacherR-CA-45
Rep. Mark NeumannR-WI-1
Rep. Mark SouderR-IN-4
Rep. James SensenbrennerR-WI-9
Rep. John ShadeggR-AZ-4
Rep. Robert StumpR-AZ-3
Rep. Helen Chenoweth-HageR-ID-1
Rep. Ed RoyceR-CA-39
Rep. Mel HancockR-MO-7
Rep. Wes CooleyR-OR-2
Rep. Joe ScarboroughR-FL-1
Rep. Thomas CoburnR-OK-2
Rep. Joel HefleyR-CO-5
Rep. Steve StockmanR-TX-9

Data notes

The House’s recorded vote on the final version of the law (roll call 749 in Voteview), matched to the vote the record cites and checked against its totals. Positions are each member’s DW-NOMINATE score for that Congress, as on the Ideology page; left to right is more liberal to more conservative. Paired and announced yea votes count as yea. Lists follow the compass, most liberal first. A name links to a profile only for members of the current Congress. A law passed by voice vote or unanimous consent has no member list, and neither does a vote Voteview has not yet recorded.

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Committees

The committees the bill was sent to, and what each did with it.

Committee on House Administration · House · referred to
Rules and Administration Committee · Senate · markup by, referred to, reported by

Data notes

A committee links to its page only where it exists in the current Congress; older and renamed committees are named without a link.

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Timeline

From introduction to signing, newest first: the committees, the floor and the president. 13 actions.

Dec 28, 1995Became lawBecame law · Became Public Law No: 104-82.
Became lawBecame law · Signed by President.
Dec 21, 1995PresidentPresident · Presented to President.
Dec 20, 1995FloorFloor · Passed Senate without amendment by Voice Vote.
Dec 14, 1995CommitteeCommittee · Reported by Senate Rules and Administration Committee
CommitteeCommittee · Markup by Senate Rules and Administration Committee
Nov 8, 1995CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Senate Rules and Administration Committee
Nov 7, 1995FloorFloor · Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
FloorFloor · On motion to suspend the rules and pass the resolution Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 389 - 0 (Roll no. 766).House roll call 766
FloorFloor · At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 5, rule I, the chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.
FloorFloor · Mr. Thomas moved to suspend the rules and pass the resolution.
Sep 29, 1995CommitteeCommittee · Referred to House Committee on House Administration
IntroducedIntroduced · Introduced in the House

Data notes

Shows the introduction, each committee and subcommittee step the source dates (referral, hearings, markup, report, discharge), and the floor, conference, presidential and became-law steps. Calendar placements, messages between the chambers, amendments and committee report numbers are not shown for laws before the 108th Congress. Two entries the source lists twice are shown once.

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Official record

The bill’s full text and every action, including introduction and committee steps, are on Congress.gov. Data through Oct 7, 2026.