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Supreme Court · Associate Justice

Benjamin Cardozo

Republican appointee: Appointed by Herbert Hoover (R)

Served 1932–1938 · 1 term in the data

Confirmed by voice vote

Biography

Benjamin Nathan Cardozo was an American lawyer and jurist who served on the New York Court of Appeals from 1914 to 1932 and as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1932 until his death in 1938. Cardozo is remembered for his significant influence on the development of American common law in the 20th century, as well as for his philosophy and vivid prose style.

Source: Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0

Ideology over time

Cardozo and the 9 justices who overlapped with Cardozo, 1937

−20+2+41937More conservativeMore liberalMcReynoldsButlerSutherlandO. RobertsHughesBrandeisStoneReedCardozoBlack
  • Benjamin Cardozo
  • 95% credible interval
  • Peer, appointed by a Democrat
  • Peer, appointed by a Republican
  • Court median
How to read this

Martin–Quinn scores place each justice on a single liberal–conservative dimension, estimated from their votes across terms, with scores allowed to shift from one term to the next. Higher is more conservative. The shaded band is the credible interval: wider when the record is thin, especially in a justice’s first terms, and narrower as votes accumulate.

Where Cardozo sits among all justices

Career average, every justice in the data set

−4−20+2+4−1.59

Cardozo’s range across terms

Served alongside Cardozo

9 justices

Closest career average first. Filled dot: the peer. Ring: Cardozo.

JusticeTogetherCareer avg
Hugo Black1937career average −1.76 versus Cardozo at −1.59Louis Brandeis1937career average −0.61 versus Cardozo at −1.59Harlan Stone1937career average 0.01 versus Cardozo at −1.59Charles Hughes1937career average 0.19 versus Cardozo at −1.59Stanley Reed1937career average 0.37 versus Cardozo at −1.59Owen Roberts1937career average 1.52 versus Cardozo at −1.59George Sutherland1937career average 1.60 versus Cardozo at −1.59Pierce Butler1937career average 2.23 versus Cardozo at −1.59James McReynolds1937career average 3.50 versus Cardozo at −1.59

Scores: Martin, Andrew D. and Kevin M. Quinn. 2002. “Dynamic Ideal Point Estimation via Markov Chain Monte Carlo for the U.S. Supreme Court, 1953–1999.” Political Analysis 10:134–153, from mqscores.wustl.edu. Appointment data: Federal Judicial Center biographical directory. Biographies: Wikipedia, text abridged, under CC BY-SA 4.0. Portraits: public-domain images via Wikimedia Commons.