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Supreme Court · Decisions

Parrish v. United States

The court held that a litigant who files a notice of appeal after the original appeal deadline but before the court grants reopening need not file a second notice after reopening.

145 S. Ct. 1664 · No. 24-275 · 2024 term · Roberts Court

Decided Jun 12, 2025 · argued Apr 21, 2025

Judicial power · Judicial administration: jurisdiction or authority of federal courts of appeals

Majority opinion: Sonia Sotomayor

The voteMajorityDissent

8–18 in the majority, 1 in dissent

1 dissent (8–1)

Reversed and remanded. Parrish won.

What this ruling means

Reversed and remanded: the Supreme Court overturned the decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit and sent the case back to that court for further proceedings that follow the Supreme Court’s ruling.

Parrish was the petitioner, the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the case. “Won” means the Court gave that side the result it asked for.

From the Supreme Court Database. A justice who agreed with the result but not the reasoning counts in the majority.

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Summary

The opening of the case’s Wikipedia article: what the case was about and what the Court held.

Parrish v. United States, 605 U.S. 376 (2025), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that a litigant who files a notice of appeal after the original appeal deadline but before the court grants reopening need not file a second notice after reopening. The original notice relates forward to the date reopening is granted.

Read the full article on Wikipedia

Data notes

The text is Wikipedia’s (CC BY-SA 4.0), matched to the case by its citation, docket number or name and year, and is not checked against the opinion. The site keeps the article’s opening section, ending on its last full sentence. The one-sentence summary under the title is the Decisions list’s: Wikipedia’s own ruling sentence, or, tagged “AI-written”, one Claude wrote from this opening.

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How the justices voted

Each justice who took part, placed by their Martin–Quinn ideology score for the 2024 term. Filled: the 8 in the majority. Hollow: the 1 in dissent. Colour is the party of the president who appointed them.

More liberalMore conservativeMedianSotomayorK. JacksonKaganJ. RobertsBarrettKavanaughGorsuchAlitoThomas

Majority(8)

Dissent(1)

Data notes

Each justice’s vote and what they wrote are from the justice-centered file of the Supreme Court Database. “Wrote a concurrence” means the justice sided with the majority and wrote separately; a justice who dissented in part is counted on the side they took overall. A justice who wrote nothing is listed as joining their side.

Positions are each justice’s Martin–Quinn score for the case’s term, the same scores as the Ideology page: negative is more liberal, positive more conservative. A score sums up a justice’s votes across the whole term, so it says where they usually sit, not why they voted as they did here. The median line is the Court’s median justice that term.

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The parties

Who brought the case to the Court, who answered it, and how it got there.

Petitioner
ParrishPrisoner, inmate of penal institution
Respondent
United StatesUnited States
Reached the Court by
Certiorari (the Court chose to hear it)
Why it was taken
Federal appeals courts had ruled differently, and the question was important
Data notes

The names are the two sides of the case’s title. The description under each is the Supreme Court Database’s category for that party, in its own wording. The petitioner is the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the decision below. “Why it was taken” appears only when the majority opinion says lower courts disagreed or were unsure about the question; reasons that would fit any case (“to resolve the question presented”, “an important question”) are left out.

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The law at issue

The law the Court was asked to apply, and the kind of power it used to decide.

Provision
28 U. S. C. §2107
Kind of law
Infrequently litigated statutes
Decided by
Statutory construction
Data notes

The Supreme Court Database codes the main constitutional provision, statute or court rule each case turned on, and the basis of the decision: judicial review of a federal or state law, interpreting a statute, supervising the lower courts, and so on. A case can rest on more than one. “Overruled” counts only where the majority opinion says so.

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Timeline

What happened at the Court and how the case got there, newest first.

  1. Jun 12, 2025DecidedDecided · Decided 8–1: reversed and remanded. Parrish won.
  2. Apr 21, 2025ArguedArgued · Oral argument before the Court.
  3. Not datedTaken upTaken up · The Supreme Court agreed to hear the case (certiorari). Federal appeals courts had ruled differently, and the question was important.
  4. Not datedCourt belowCourt below · Decided by the U.S. Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit: petition denied or appeal dismissed, with a dissent.
  5. Not datedBeganBegan · The case began in the West Virginia Northern U.S. District Court.
Data notes

From the Supreme Court Database: the court the case began in, the court whose decision the Supreme Court reviewed and what that court did, how the case came to the Court, and the dates of argument and decision. The database does not date the steps in the lower courts. Court names are the database’s.

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Other decisions on the same issue

45 other argued cases since 1946 on judicial administration: jurisdiction or authority of federal courts of appeals, newest first.

  1. The Geo Group v. Menocal607 U.S. 438Feb 25, 2026 · 607 U.S. 438Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  2. Food and Drug Administration v. R.J. Reynolds Vapor Co.145 S. Ct. 1984Jun 20, 2025 · 145 S. Ct. 1984Judicial power7–27–2 band

  3. Environmental Protection Agency v. Calumet Shreveport Refining, LLC145 S. Ct. 1735Jun 18, 2025 · 145 S. Ct. 1735Judicial power7–27–2 band

  4. Oklahoma v. Environmental Protection Agency145 S. Ct. 1720Jun 18, 2025 · 145 S. Ct. 1720Judicial power8–0Unanimous band

  5. United States v. Sineneng-Smith140 S. Ct. 1575May 7, 2020 · 140 S. Ct. 1575Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  6. National Association of Manufacturers v. Department of Defense138 S. Ct. 617Jan 22, 2018 · 138 S. Ct. 617Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  7. Manrique v. United States137 S. Ct. 1266Apr 19, 2017 · 137 S. Ct. 1266Judicial power6–27–2 band

  8. McLane Company v. EEOC137 S. Ct. 1159Apr 3, 2017 · 137 S. Ct. 1159Judicial power7–18–1 band
  9. Bullard v. Blue Hills Bank575 U.S. 496May 4, 2015 · 575 U.S. 496Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  10. Republic of Iraq v. Jordan Beaty et al.556 U.S. 848Jun 8, 2009 · 556 U.S. 848Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  11. Carlsbad Technology, Inc. v. Hif Bio, Inc., et al.556 U.S. 635May 4, 2009 · 556 U.S. 635Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  12. Greenlaw v. United States554 U.S. 237Jun 23, 2008 · 554 U.S. 237Judicial power6–36–3 band

  13. Pat Osborn v. Barry Haley, et al.549 U.S. 225Jan 22, 2007 · 549 U.S. 225Judicial power7–27–2 band

  14. Carl Kircher, et al. v. Putnam Funds Trust et al.547 U.S. 633Jun 15, 2006 · 547 U.S. 633Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  15. Ricky Bell, Warden v. Gregory Thompson545 U.S. 794Jun 27, 2005 · 545 U.S. 794Judicial power5–45–4 band
  16. Dow Chemical Company, et al. v. Daniel Raymond Stephenson et al.539 U.S. 111Jun 9, 2003 · 539 U.S. 111Judicial power8–0Unanimous band
  17. Khanh Phuong Nguyen v. United States et al.539 U.S. 69Jun 9, 2003 · 539 U.S. 69Judicial power5–45–4 band
  18. Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., Robert Babb, Edee Templet, and Kenneth A. Devun v. Hurley Henson537 U.S. 28Nov 5, 2002 · 537 U.S. 28Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  19. The Holmes Group, Inc. v. Vornado Air Circulation Systems, Inc.535 U.S. 826Jun 3, 2002 · 535 U.S. 826Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  20. William J. Clinton, President of the United States, et al. v. James T. Goldsmith526 U.S. 529May 17, 1999 · 526 U.S. 529Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  21. William Gasperini v. Center for Humanities, Inc.518 U.S. 415Jun 24, 1996 · 518 U.S. 415Judicial power6–36–3 band

  22. John W. Behrens v. Robert J. Pelletier516 U.S. 299Feb 21, 1996 · 516 U.S. 299Judicial power7–27–2 band

  23. Things Remembered, Inc. v. Anthony A. Petrarca516 U.S. 124Dec 5, 1995 · 516 U.S. 124Judicial power9–0Unanimous band

  24. Celotex Corporation v. Bennie Edwards et ux.514 U.S. 300Apr 19, 1995 · 514 U.S. 300Judicial power7–27–2 band
  25. Tom Swint, et al. v. Chambers County Commission, et al.514 U.S. 35Mar 1, 1995 · 514 U.S. 35Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  26. Charles K. Elder v. R. D. Holloway et al.510 U.S. 510Feb 23, 1994 · 510 U.S. 510Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  27. Salve Regina College v. Sharon L. Russell499 U.S. 225Mar 20, 1991 · 499 U.S. 225Judicial power6–36–3 band
  28. Newman-Green, Inc. v. Alfonzo-Larrain et al.490 U.S. 826Jun 12, 1989 · 490 U.S. 826Judicial power7–27–2 band
  29. Christianson et al. v. Colt Industries Operating Corp.486 U.S. 800Jun 17, 1988 · 486 U.S. 800Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  30. United States v. Hohri et al.482 U.S. 64Jun 1, 1987 · 482 U.S. 64Judicial power8–0Unanimous band
  31. Icicle Seafoods, Inc. v. Worthington et al.475 U.S. 709Apr 21, 1986 · 475 U.S. 709Judicial power8–18–1 band
  32. Jean et al. v. Nelson, Commissioner, Immigration and Naturalization Service, et al.472 U.S. 846Jun 26, 1985 · 472 U.S. 846Judicial power6–27–2 band
  33. Will, U. S. District Judge v. Calvert Fire Insurance Co. et al.437 U.S. 655Jun 23, 1978 · 437 U.S. 655Judicial power5–45–4 band
  34. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co. v. Wetzel et al.424 U.S. 737Mar 23, 1976 · 424 U.S. 737Judicial power8–0Unanimous band
  35. Tidewater Oil Co. v. United States et al.409 U.S. 151Dec 6, 1972 · 409 U.S. 151Judicial power6–36–3 band
  36. International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace & Agricultural Implement Workers of America, AFL-CIO, Local 283 v. Scofield et al.382 U.S. 205Dec 20, 1965 · 382 U.S. 205Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  37. United States v. Fruehauf et al.365 U.S. 146Feb 20, 1961 · 365 U.S. 146Judicial power8–18–1 band
  38. Jaffke v. Dunham, Trustee in Bankruptcy352 U.S. 280Jan 14, 1957 · 352 U.S. 280Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  39. La Buy, United States District Judge, v. Howes Leather Co., Inc., et al.352 U.S. 249Jan 14, 1957 · 352 U.S. 249Judicial power5–45–4 band
  40. National Labor Relations Board v. Warren Company, Inc.350 U.S. 107Dec 12, 1955 · 350 U.S. 107Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  41. United States et al. v. California Eastern Line, Inc.348 U.S. 351Mar 7, 1955 · 348 U.S. 351Judicial power7–18–1 band
  42. Western Pacific Railroad Corp. et al. v. Western Pacific Railroad Co. et al.345 U.S. 247Apr 6, 1953 · 345 U.S. 247Judicial power8–18–1 band
  43. Defense Supplies Corp. et al. v. Lawrence Warehouse Co. et al.336 U.S. 631Apr 18, 1949 · 336 U.S. 631Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
  44. United States v. United States District Court for the Southern District of New York et al.334 U.S. 258May 24, 1948 · 334 U.S. 258Judicial power7–0Unanimous band
  45. Cone v. West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co.330 U.S. 212Mar 3, 1947 · 330 U.S. 212Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
Data notes

Every other orally argued case with a clear vote, from the 1946 term on, that the Supreme Court Database files under the same issue as this one. The database gives each case one issue from a list of about 270 (abortion, search and seizure of vehicles, the death penalty, and so on), whatever law it turned on.

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Official record

Read the argument audio on Oyez and Wikipedia. Case data from the Supreme Court Database, Version 2026 Release 01, through the 2025 term.