Park 'N Fly, Inc. v. Dollar Park and Fly, Inc.
In a dispute over an off-airport parking company's registered trademark, the Court affirmed the registration as more than a descriptive trademark.· AI-written
469 U.S. 189 · No. 83-1132 · 1984 term · Burger Court
Decided Jan 8, 1985 · argued Oct 9, 1984
Economic activity · Patents and copyrights: trademark
Majority opinion: Sandra O'Connor
The voteMajorityDissent
8–18 in the majority, 1 in dissent
1 dissent (8–1)
Reversed and remanded. Park 'N Fly, Inc. won.
What this ruling means
Reversed and remanded: the Supreme Court overturned the decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit and sent the case back to that court for further proceedings that follow the Supreme Court’s ruling.
Park 'N Fly, Inc. was the petitioner, the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the case. “Won” means the Court gave that side the result it asked for.
From the Supreme Court Database. A justice who agreed with the result but not the reasoning counts in the majority.
Summary
The opening of the case’s Wikipedia article: what the case was about and what the Court held.
Park 'N Fly was an off-airport parking operator based in the United States, established in 1967 in St. Louis, Missouri by Theodore P (Ted) Desloge, a prominent member of the magnate family. This Atlanta, Georgia-headquartered company was acquired in 1988 by the Dutch firm BCD Group.
Operating for 56 years across 12 markets, Park 'N Fly boasted 13 facilities and 80 affiliate locations, offering a spectrum of services ranging from valet parking and car detailing to pet boarding and online reservations. Park 'N Fly has developed an extensive network of off-airport parking services at over 67 airports throughout the United States via its Internet-based reservation system, known as the Park 'N Fly Network.
The trademark "Park 'N Fly" has been registered by the company. This registration was affirmed as more than a descriptive trademark by the United States Supreme Court in the case of Park 'N Fly, Inc. v. Dollar Park & Fly, Inc., a decision rendered in 1985.
On February 6, 2024, Park 'N Fly was acquired by Chicago-based competitor The Parking Spot, with Park 'N Fly locations ultimately taking on The Parking Spot branding.
Data notes
The text is Wikipedia’s (CC BY-SA 4.0), matched to the case by its citation, docket number or name and year, and is not checked against the opinion. The site keeps the article’s opening section, ending on its last full sentence. The one-sentence summary under the title is the Decisions list’s: Wikipedia’s own ruling sentence, or, tagged “AI-written”, one Claude wrote from this opening.
How the justices voted
Each justice who took part, placed by their Martin–Quinn ideology score for the 1984 term. Filled: the 8 in the majority. Hollow: the 1 in dissent. Colour is the party of the president who appointed them.
Majority(8)
Sandra O'ConnorWrote the majority opinion
Thurgood MarshallJoined the majority
William BrennanJoined the majority
Harry BlackmunJoined the majority
Lewis PowellJoined the majority
Byron WhiteJoined the majority
Warren BurgerJoined the majority
William RehnquistJoined the majority
Dissent(1)
John StevensWrote a dissent
Data notes
Each justice’s vote and what they wrote are from the justice-centered file of the Supreme Court Database. “Wrote a concurrence” means the justice sided with the majority and wrote separately; a justice who dissented in part is counted on the side they took overall. A justice who wrote nothing is listed as joining their side.
Positions are each justice’s Martin–Quinn score for the case’s term, the same scores as the Ideology page: negative is more liberal, positive more conservative. A score sums up a justice’s votes across the whole term, so it says where they usually sit, not why they voted as they did here. The median line is the Court’s median justice that term.
The parties
Who brought the case to the Court, who answered it, and how it got there.
- Petitioner
- Park 'N Fly, Inc.Inventor, patent assigner, trademark owner or holder
- Respondent
- Dollar Park and Fly, Inc.Parking lot or service
- Reached the Court by
- Certiorari (the Court chose to hear it)
- Why it was taken
- Federal appeals courts had ruled differently on the question
Data notes
The names are the two sides of the case’s title. The description under each is the Supreme Court Database’s category for that party, in its own wording. The petitioner is the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the decision below. “Why it was taken” appears only when the majority opinion says lower courts disagreed or were unsure about the question; reasons that would fit any case (“to resolve the question presented”, “an important question”) are left out.
The law at issue
The law the Court was asked to apply, and the kind of power it used to decide.
- Provision
- 15 U.S.C. § 1065
- Kind of law
- Infrequently litigated statutes
- Decided by
- Statutory construction
Data notes
The Supreme Court Database codes the main constitutional provision, statute or court rule each case turned on, and the basis of the decision: judicial review of a federal or state law, interpreting a statute, supervising the lower courts, and so on. A case can rest on more than one. “Overruled” counts only where the majority opinion says so.
Timeline
What happened at the Court and how the case got there, newest first.
- Jan 8, 1985DecidedDecided · Decided 8–1: reversed and remanded. Park 'N Fly, Inc. won.
- Oct 9, 1984ArguedArgued · Oral argument before the Court.
- Not datedTaken upTaken up · The Supreme Court agreed to hear the case (certiorari). Federal appeals courts had ruled differently on the question.
- Not datedCourt belowCourt below · Decided by the U.S. Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit: reversed.
- Not datedBeganBegan · The case began in the Oregon U.S. District Court.
Data notes
From the Supreme Court Database: the court the case began in, the court whose decision the Supreme Court reviewed and what that court did, how the case came to the Court, and the dates of argument and decision. The database does not date the steps in the lower courts. Court names are the database’s.
Other decisions on the same issue
20 other argued cases since 1946 on patents and copyrights: trademark, newest first.
- Dewberry Group v. Dewberry Engineers145 S. Ct. 681Feb 26, 2025 · 145 S. Ct. 681Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Abitron Austria GMBH v. Hetronic Int'l600 U.S. 412Jun 29, 2023 · 600 U.S. 412Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Jack Daniels Properties v. Vip Products LLC599 U.S. 140Jun 8, 2023 · 599 U.S. 140Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- U.S. Patent and Trademark Office v. Booking.com B.V.140 S. Ct. 2298Jun 30, 2020 · 140 S. Ct. 2298Economic activity8–18–1 band
- Lucky Brand Dungarees Inc. v. Marcel Fashion Group Inc.140 S. Ct. 1589May 14, 2020 · 140 S. Ct. 1589Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Romag Fasteners Inc. v. Fossil Inc.140 S. Ct. 1492Apr 23, 2020 · 140 S. Ct. 1492Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- B&B Hardware, Inc. v. Hargis Indus., Inc.575 U.S. 138Mar 24, 2015 · 575 U.S. 138Economic activity7–27–2 band
- Hana Financial, Inc. v. Hana Bank574 U.S. 418Jan 21, 2015 · 574 U.S. 418Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Already, LLC, dba Yums, Petitioner v. Nike, Inc.568 U.S. 85Jan 9, 2013 · 568 U.S. 85Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- KP Permanent Make-Up, Inc. v. Lasting Impression I, Inc., et al.543 U.S. 111Dec 8, 2004 · 543 U.S. 111Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Dastar Corporation v. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation et al.539 U.S. 23Jun 2, 2003 · 539 U.S. 23Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
- Victor Moseley and Cathy Moseley, dba Victor's Little Secret v. V Secret Catalogue, Inc., et al.537 U.S. 418Mar 4, 2003 · 537 U.S. 418Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Samara Brothers, Inc.529 U.S. 205Mar 22, 2000 · 529 U.S. 205Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Qualitex Company v. Jacobson Products Company, Inc.514 U.S. 159Mar 28, 1995 · 514 U.S. 159Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Two Pesos, Inc. v. Taco Cabana, Inc.505 U.S. 763Jun 26, 1992 · 505 U.S. 763Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- K Mart Corp. v. Cartier, Inc., et al.486 U.S. 281May 31, 1988 · 486 U.S. 281Economic activity5–45–4 band
- K Mart Corporation v. Cartier, Inc., et al.485 U.S. 176Mar 7, 1988 · 485 U.S. 176Economic activity5–36–3 band
- Inwood Laboratories, Inc., et al. v. Ives Laboratories, Inc.456 U.S. 844Jun 1, 1982 · 456 U.S. 844Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
- Steele et al. v. Bulova Watch Co., Inc.344 U.S. 280Dec 22, 1952 · 344 U.S. 280Economic activity6–27–2 band
- Champion Spark Plug Co. v. Sanders et al., Doing Business As Perfect Recondition Spark Plug Co.331 U.S. 125Apr 28, 1947 · 331 U.S. 125Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
Data notes
Every other orally argued case with a clear vote, from the 1946 term on, that the Supreme Court Database files under the same issue as this one. The database gives each case one issue from a list of about 270 (abortion, search and seizure of vehicles, the death penalty, and so on), whatever law it turned on.
Official record
Read the full opinion on Justia, the argument audio on Oyez and Wikipedia. Case data from the Supreme Court Database, Version 2026 Release 01, through the 2025 term.