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Department of Energy Organization Act

Public Law 95-91 · S. 826 · 95th Congress · began in the Senate

Signed by Jimmy Carter (D) on Aug 4, 1977 · Energy

Sponsor: Sen. Abraham Ribicoff (D-CT)

Cosponsors (18): Sen. Charles Percy,

Passage votesYeaNay

  • HouseRecorded vote: 353 yea, 57 nay353–57
  • SenateRecorded vote: 76 yea, 14 nay76–14
Data notes

The final version of the law, as each chamber passed it. A chamber that passed it by voice vote or unanimous consent has no count. “Method not stated” means the record does not say how the chamber voted. Where the record has a member-by-member vote, the “Who voted for it” section shows who voted yea.

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Summary

The Congressional Research Service’s plain-language summary of what the law does.

Department of Energy Organization Act - =Title I: Declaration of Findings and Purposes= - Declares it the purpose of this Act to establish a permanent Department of Energy in the executive branch to assist in the development of a coordinated national energy policy.

=Title II: Establishment of the Department= - Establishes a Department of Energy in the executive branch. Establishes an Energy Information Administration and an Economic Regulatory Administration within such Department. Establishes within the Department an Office of Inspector General to review and investigate problems relating to the administration of the programs and operations of the Department. Establishes an Office of Energy Research and a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission within such Department. Establishes a Leasing Liaison Committee.

=Title III: Transfers of Functions= - Transfers to the Secretary of Energy all functions now vested in the Federal Energy Administration and the Energy Research and Development Administration. Transfers energy-related functions from the Department of the Interior to the new Secretary. Transfers specified functions of the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Interstate Commerce Commission, the Secretary of the Navy, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Federal Power Commission to the Secretary.

=Title IV: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission= - Establishes a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission within the Department to be composed of five members appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. Transfers regulatory functions of the Federal Power Commission under the Federal Power Act and the Natural Gas Act to the new Commission.

Establishes procedures governing the operation of the Commission. Authorizes the Secretary of Energy to delegate additional functions to the Commission.

=Title V: Administrative Procedures and Judicial Review= - Stipulates that the provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act shall apply to rules and regulations issued by the Secretary or a delegate. Requires that opportunity for oral presentations of viewpoints be afforded where regulations are likely to have a substantial economic impact. Requires hearings on rules which substantially impact a single geographic area to be held in such geographic area.

Stipulates that United States district courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction of cases arising under this Act without regard to the amount in controversy.

=Title VI: Administrative Provisions= - Prohibits supervising employees from holding any interest in energy companies. Authorizes the Secretary to grant waivers from such prohibition in cases of exceptional hardship. Requires disclosure of known financial interest by officers and employees of the Department, subject to criminal sanctions.

Grants the Secretary limited authority to reorganize organizational units within the Department.

Authorizes the Secretary to delegate authority to other officers, to create regional offices, to establish advisory committees, and provides that the Governors of States may establish regional energy advisory boards. Requires the Secretary to submit annual reports to the President for submission to Congress.

Directs the Secretaries of Defense, Commerce, HUD, Transportation, Interior, Agriculture, the United States Postal Service, and the Administrator of General Services to designate one Assistant Secretary as principal conservation officer. Directs such officer to be responsible for planning and implementation of energy conservation programs by such Department or Administration, and for coordination with the Department of Energy.

=Title VII: Transitional, Savings, and Conforming Provisions= - Stipulates that transfers of personnel as authorized by this Act shall not result in reduction in grade or unemployment for one year after enactment of this Act. Stipulates that orders, rules, and proceedings re-established or commenced under previous authority shall not be affected by the transfers under this Act.

Amends the Federal Energy Administration Act, the Energy Reorganization Act, the Atomic Energy Act, the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act, the Energy Conservation Standards for New Buildings Act, the Rural Electrification Act of 1936, and other provisions of law to conform with the changes made by this Act.

=Title VIII: Energy Planning= - Requires the President, by April 1, 1979, and biennially thereafter, to prepare and submit to Congress a National Energy Policy Plan, containing energy production, utilization, and conservation objectives, identification of strategies, and recommendations of action.

=Title IX: Effective Date and Interim Appointments= - Stipulates that the provisions of this Act shall take effect no later than 120 days after the Secretary first takes office. Establishes procedures for interim appointments of officers prior to the effective date of this Act.

=Title X: Sunset Provisions= - Requires the President to submit to Congress a review of each program in the Department by January 15, 1982.

Who voted for it

Every senator of the 95th Congress on the ideology compass. Highlighted: the 76 who voted yea on final passage. Faded: everyone else, including those who voted nay, did not vote, or had not yet taken office.

76 yea14 nay10 present or did not vote

Dimension 2
Economic left–right
More liberalMore conservative

Democrats who voted yea(57)

  • Sen. George McGovernD-SD
  • Sen. Lee MetcalfD-MT
  • Sen. William ProxmireD-WI
  • Sen. Dick ClarkD-IA
  • Sen. Howard MetzenbaumD-OH
  • Sen. John CulverD-IA
  • Sen. Gaylord NelsonD-WI
  • Sen. Donald RiegleD-MI
  • Sen. Wendell AndersonD-MN
  • Sen. William HathawayD-ME
  • Sen. Paul SarbanesD-MD
  • Sen. Gary HartD-CO
  • Sen. Edmund MuskieD-ME
  • Sen. Joseph BidenD-DE
  • Sen. Birch BayhD-IN
  • Sen. Fritz HollingsD-SC
  • Sen. Hubert HumphreyD-MN
  • Sen. Floyd HaskellD-CO
  • Sen. Dale BumpersD-AR
  • Sen. Scoop JacksonD-WA
  • Sen. Warren MagnusonD-WA
  • Sen. Alan CranstonD-CA
  • Sen. Thomas McIntyreD-NH
  • Sen. Frank ChurchD-ID
  • Sen. James SasserD-TN
  • Sen. Daniel InouyeD-HI
  • Sen. Abraham RibicoffD-CT
  • Sen. Patrick LeahyD-VT
  • Sen. Spark MatsunagaD-HI
  • Sen. Robert ByrdD-WV
  • Sen. Harrison WilliamsD-NJ
  • Sen. Thomas EagletonD-MO
  • Sen. Claiborne PellD-RI
  • Sen. Daniel MoynihanD-NY
  • Sen. Adlai StevensonD-IL
  • Sen. Robert MorganD-NC
  • Sen. Quentin BurdickD-ND
  • Sen. John MelcherD-MT
  • Sen. John SparkmanD-AL
  • Sen. Dennis DeConciniD-AZ
  • Sen. Howard CannonD-NV
  • Sen. Jennings RandolphD-WV
  • Sen. John GlennD-OH
  • Sen. Herman TalmadgeD-GA
  • Sen. Russell LongD-LA
  • Sen. Edward ZorinskyD-NE
  • Sen. Lawton ChilesD-FL
  • Sen. Wendell FordD-KY
  • Sen. John JohnstonD-LA
  • Sen. Mike GravelD-AK
  • Sen. Samuel NunnD-GA
  • Sen. Lloyd BentsenD-TX
  • Sen. Dick StoneD-FL
  • Sen. John StennisD-MS
  • Sen. James EastlandD-MS
  • Sen. James AllenD-AL
  • Sen. Harry ByrdD-VA

Republicans who voted yea(19)

  • Sen. Clifford CaseR-NJ
  • Sen. Jacob JavitsR-NY
  • Sen. Edward BrookeR-MA
  • Sen. Charles MathiasR-MD
  • Sen. Robert StaffordR-VT
  • Sen. Henry HeinzR-PA
  • Sen. James PearsonR-KS
  • Sen. Mark HatfieldR-OR
  • Sen. Lowell WeickerR-CT
  • Sen. Robert PackwoodR-OR
  • Sen. John DanforthR-MO
  • Sen. Richard SchweikerR-PA
  • Sen. Howard BakerR-TN
  • Sen. Strom ThurmondR-SC
  • Sen. Pete DomeniciR-NM
  • Sen. Robert DoleR-KS
  • Sen. Henry BellmonR-OK
  • Sen. William RothR-DE
  • Sen. Clifford HansenR-WY
Data notes

The Senate’s recorded vote on the final version of the law (roll call 323 in Voteview), matched to the vote the record cites and checked against its totals. Positions are each member’s DW-NOMINATE score for that Congress, as on the Ideology page; left to right is more liberal to more conservative. Paired and announced yea votes count as yea. Lists follow the compass, most liberal first. A name links to a profile only for members of the current Congress. A law passed by voice vote or unanimous consent has no member list, and neither does a vote Voteview has not yet recorded.

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Committees

The committees the bill was sent to, and what each did with it.

Data notes

A committee links to its page only where it exists in the current Congress; older and renamed committees are named without a link.

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Timeline

From introduction to signing, newest first: the committees, the floor and the president. 23 actions.

  1. Aug 4, 1977Became lawBecame law · Signed by President.
  2. PresidentPresident · Public Law 95-91.
  3. Aug 3, 1977PresidentPresident · Measure presented to President.
  4. PresidentPresident · Measure enrolled in Senate.
  5. Aug 2, 1977PresidentPresident · Measure enrolled in House.
  6. Resolving differencesResolving differences · Senate agreed to conference report, roll call #323 (76-14).Senate roll call 323
  7. Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report agreed to in Senate: Senate agreed to conference report, roll call #323 (76-14).Senate roll call 323
  8. Resolving differencesResolving differences · House agreed to conference report, roll call #490 (353-57).House roll call 490
  9. Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report agreed to in House: House agreed to conference report, roll call #490 (353-57).House roll call 490
  10. FloorFloor · Motion to recommit to the Committee of Conference rejected in House, roll call #489 (157-257).House roll call 489
  11. Jul 27, 1977Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report filed in Senate, S. Rept. 95-367.
  12. Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report filed: Conference report filed in Senate, S. Rept. 95-367.
  13. Jul 26, 1977Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report filed in House, H. Rept. 95-539.
  14. Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference report filed: Conference report filed in House, H. Rept. 95-539.
  15. Jun 21, 1977Resolving differencesResolving differences · Motion to instruct conferees to insist on certain provisions passed House, roll call #355 (228-179).House roll call 355
  16. Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference scheduled in House.
  17. Jun 9, 1977Resolving differencesResolving differences · Conference scheduled in Senate.
  18. Jun 3, 1977FloorFloor · Measure passed House, amended, in lieu of H.R. 6804.
  19. May 18, 1977FloorFloor · Measure passed Senate, amended, roll call #148 (74-10).Senate roll call 148
  20. FloorFloor · Measure called up by unanimous consent in Senate.
  21. May 14, 1977CommitteeCommittee · Reported by Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee
  22. Mar 1, 1977CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee
  23. IntroducedIntroduced · Introduced in the Senate
Data notes

Shows the introduction, each committee and subcommittee step the source dates (referral, hearings, markup, report, discharge), and the floor, conference, presidential and became-law steps. Calendar placements, messages between the chambers, amendments and committee report numbers are not shown for laws before the 108th Congress. Two entries the source lists twice are shown once.

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Official record

The bill’s full text and every action, including introduction and committee steps, are on Congress.gov. Data through Oct 7, 2026.