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Dam Safety and Security Act of 2003

Public Law 107-310 · H.R. 4727 · 107th Congress · began in the House

Signed by George W. Bush (R) on Dec 2, 2002 · Water Resources Development

Sponsor: Rep. Bill Shuster (R-PA-9)

Cosponsors (1): Rep. Michael McNulty

Passage votesYeaNay

  • HouseRecorded vote: 401 yea, 2 nay401–2
  • SenateUnanimous consent
Data notes

The final version of the law, as each chamber passed it. A chamber that passed it by voice vote or unanimous consent has no count. “Method not stated” means the record does not say how the chamber voted. Where the record has a member-by-member vote, the “Who voted for it” section shows who voted yea.

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Summary

The Congressional Research Service’s plain-language summary of what the law does.

Dam Safety and Security Act of 2002 - Amends the National Dam Safety Program Act to direct the Interagency Committee on Dam Safety to encourage the establishment and maintenance of effective Federal (currently, Federal and State) programs, policies, and guidelines intended to enhance dam safety.

(Sec. 3) Requires the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency to prepare a strategic plan to establish: (1) goals, priorities, and target dates to improve dam safety; and (2) cooperation and coordination with, and assistance to, interested State governmental entities.

Requires the Director to: (1) provide assistance to assist States in establishing, maintaining, and improving dam safety programs; and (2) establish the National Dam Safety Review Board to monitor State implementation (authorized under current law), to monitor the safety of dams in the United States, and to advise the Director on national dam safety policy. Provides for participation of representatives from Federal or State agencies or dam safety experts as nonvoting members in Board meetings.

(Sec. 4) Requires technical and archival research to support: (1) development and maintenance of information resources systems needed to support managing dam safety; and (2) initiatives to guide the formulation of effective public policy and advance improvements in dam safety engineering, security, and management.

(Sec. 5) Requires the Director, at the request of any State that has or intends to develop a State dam safety program, to provide training for State dam safety staff and inspectors.

(Sec. 7) Increases and extends through FY 2006 the authorization of appropriations for the national dam safety program, national dam research, and dam safety training and staffing requirements.

Who voted for it

Every House member of the 107th Congress on the ideology compass. Highlighted: the 401 who voted yea on final passage. Faded: everyone else, including those who voted nay, did not vote, or had not yet taken office.

401 yea2 nay31 present or did not vote

Dimension 2
Economic left–right
More liberalMore conservative

Democrats who voted yea(194)

  • Rep. Bob FilnerD-CA-50
  • Rep. Jim McDermottD-WA-7
  • Rep. Pete StarkD-CA-13
  • Rep. Maxine WatersD-CA-35
  • Rep. Barbara LeeD-CA-9
  • Rep. John OlverD-MA-1
  • Rep. Maurice HincheyD-NY-26
  • Rep. George MillerD-CA-7
  • Rep. Peter DeFazioD-OR-4
  • Rep. Jan SchakowskyD-IL-9
  • Rep. Dennis KucinichD-OH-10
  • Rep. Michael CapuanoD-MA-8
  • Rep. Barney FrankD-MA-4
  • Rep. Donald PayneD-NJ-10
  • Rep. Tammy BaldwinD-WI-2
  • Rep. Jim McGovernD-MA-3
  • Rep. James OberstarD-MN-8
  • Rep. Stephanie JonesD-OH-11
  • Rep. Lynn WoolseyD-CA-6
  • Rep. Major OwensD-NY-11
  • Rep. John TierneyD-MA-6
  • Rep. Jesse JacksonD-IL-2
  • Rep. John LewisD-GA-5
  • Rep. Bernie SandersD-VT
  • Rep. Mike HondaD-CA-15
  • Rep. Martin SaboD-MN-5
  • Rep. Ed MarkeyD-MA-7
  • Rep. Alcee HastingsD-FL-23
  • Rep. Louise SlaughterD-NY-28
  • Rep. Earl HilliardD-AL-7
  • Rep. Mel WattD-NC-12
  • Rep. Sherrod BrownD-OH-13
  • Rep. Tom UdallD-NM-3
  • Rep. David BoniorD-MI-10
  • Rep. Diana DeGetteD-CO-1
  • Rep. Hilda SolisD-CA-31
  • Rep. Bill DelahuntD-MA-10
  • Rep. Lloyd DoggettD-TX-10
  • Rep. Diane WatsonD-CA-32
  • Rep. Robert BradyD-PA-1
  • Rep. Nancy PelosiD-CA-8
  • Rep. Dave ObeyD-WI-7
  • Rep. Jerrold NadlerD-NY-8
  • Rep. William CoyneD-PA-14
  • Rep. Bennie ThompsonD-MS-2
  • Rep. Sam FarrD-CA-17
  • Rep. Danny DavisD-IL-7
  • Rep. Chaka FattahD-PA-2
  • Rep. Mark UdallD-CO-2
  • Rep. Xavier BecerraD-CA-30
  • Rep. Eva ClaytonD-NC-1
  • Rep. Lucille Roybal-AllardD-CA-33
  • Rep. Peter ViscloskyD-IN-1
  • Rep. Charlie RangelD-NY-15
  • Rep. Earl BlumenauerD-OR-3
  • Rep. Rush HoltD-NJ-12
  • Rep. Carolyn KilpatrickD-MI-15
  • Rep. Luis GutiérrezD-IL-4
  • Rep. Bobby ScottD-VA-3
  • Rep. Frank PalloneD-NJ-6
  • Rep. Eddie JohnsonD-TX-30
  • Rep. Bart StupakD-MI-1
  • Rep. Henry WaxmanD-CA-29
  • Rep. Sheila Jackson LeeD-TX-18
  • Rep. Dick GephardtD-MO-3
  • Rep. Michael McNultyD-NY-21
  • Rep. John DingellD-MI-16
  • Rep. Lynn RiversD-MI-13
  • Rep. Carrie MeekD-FL-17
  • Rep. Grace NapolitanoD-CA-34
  • Rep. Mike ThompsonD-CA-1
  • Rep. Lane EvansD-IL-17
  • Rep. Bobby RushD-IL-1
  • Rep. Richard NealD-MA-2
  • Rep. Betty McCollumD-MN-4
  • Rep. Marty MeehanD-MA-5
  • Rep. Robert BorskiD-PA-3
  • Rep. José SerranoD-NY-16
  • Rep. Anthony WeinerD-NY-9
  • Rep. Brian BairdD-WA-3
  • Rep. John LaFalceD-NY-29
  • Rep. Elijah CummingsD-MD-7
  • Rep. Thomas SawyerD-OH-14
  • Rep. Gregory MeeksD-NY-6
  • Rep. Ted StricklandD-OH-6
  • Rep. Tom AllenD-ME-1
  • Rep. Corrine BrownD-FL-3
  • Rep. Marcy KapturD-OH-9
  • Rep. Gary AckermanD-NY-5
  • Rep. Juanita Millender-McDonaldD-CA-37
  • Rep. Rosa DeLauroD-CT-3
  • Rep. Zoe LofgrenD-CA-16
  • Rep. Stephen LynchD-MA-9
  • Rep. Jim ClyburnD-SC-6
  • Rep. Nita LoweyD-NY-18
  • Rep. Robert MatsuiD-CA-5
  • Rep. William JeffersonD-LA-2
  • Rep. David WuD-OR-1
  • Rep. Anna EshooD-CA-14
  • Rep. Ed PastorD-AZ-2
  • Rep. Jay InsleeD-WA-1
  • Rep. Jerry KleczkaD-WI-4
  • Rep. Patrick KennedyD-RI-1
  • Rep. Karen McCarthyD-MO-5
  • Rep. Sander LevinD-MI-12
  • Rep. Ciro RodriguezD-TX-28
  • Rep. Bob MenendezD-NJ-13
  • Rep. Brad ShermanD-CA-24
  • Rep. Jim LangevinD-RI-2
  • Rep. Robert WexlerD-FL-19
  • Rep. Joe CrowleyD-NY-7
  • Rep. Carolyn MaloneyD-NY-14
  • Rep. John LarsonD-CT-1
  • Rep. Rick LarsenD-WA-2
  • Rep. Lois CappsD-CA-22
  • Rep. John BaldacciD-ME-2
  • Rep. Charlie GonzalezD-TX-20
  • Rep. Peter DeutschD-FL-20
  • Rep. Neil AbercrombieD-HI-1
  • Rep. Joseph HoeffelD-PA-13
  • Rep. Bill PascrellD-NJ-8
  • Rep. David PriceD-NC-4
  • Rep. Joe BacaD-CA-42
  • Rep. Albert WynnD-MD-4
  • Rep. Steven RothmanD-NJ-9
  • Rep. Dale KildeeD-MI-9
  • Rep. Susan DavisD-CA-49
  • Rep. William LutherD-MN-6
  • Rep. Karen ThurmanD-FL-5
  • Rep. Jerry CostelloD-IL-12
  • Rep. Shelley BerkleyD-NV-1
  • Rep. Steny HoyerD-MD-5
  • Rep. Nick RahallD-WV-3
  • Rep. Benjamin CardinD-MD-3
  • Rep. Darlene HooleyD-OR-5
  • Rep. Gene GreenD-TX-29
  • Rep. Harold FordD-TN-9
  • Rep. Dennis MooreD-KS-3
  • Rep. Nick LampsonD-TX-9
  • Rep. Martin FrostD-TX-24
  • Rep. Rod BlagojevichD-IL-5
  • Rep. Ron KindD-WI-3
  • Rep. Bob EtheridgeD-NC-2
  • Rep. Rubén HinojosaD-TX-15
  • Rep. Adam SchiffD-CA-27
  • Rep. John SprattD-SC-5
  • Rep. Norm DicksD-WA-6
  • Rep. Silvestre ReyesD-TX-16
  • Rep. Ellen TauscherD-CA-10
  • Rep. Max SandlinD-TX-1
  • Rep. Michael DoyleD-PA-18
  • Rep. Ken BentsenD-TX-25
  • Rep. Rick BoucherD-VA-9
  • Rep. Carolyn McCarthyD-NY-4
  • Rep. Steve IsraelD-NY-2
  • Rep. Jane HarmanD-CA-36
  • Rep. Jim DavisD-FL-11
  • Rep. Earl PomeroyD-ND
  • Rep. Frank MascaraD-PA-20
  • Rep. Marion BerryD-AR-1
  • Rep. Paul KanjorskiD-PA-11
  • Rep. Leonard BoswellD-IA-3
  • Rep. Tony HallD-OH-3
  • Rep. Vic SnyderD-AR-2
  • Rep. Baron HillD-IN-9
  • Rep. Sanford BishopD-GA-2
  • Rep. Alan MollohanD-WV-1
  • Rep. Solomon OrtizD-TX-27
  • Rep. Chet EdwardsD-TX-11
  • Rep. James MaloneyD-CT-5
  • Rep. Timothy RoemerD-IN-3
  • Rep. Robert ClementD-TN-5
  • Rep. Brad CarsonD-OK-2
  • Rep. John TannerD-TN-8
  • Rep. Allen BoydD-FL-2
  • Rep. Jim MathesonD-UT-2
  • Rep. Mike McIntyreD-NC-7
  • Rep. John MurthaD-PA-12
  • Rep. Mike RossD-AR-4
  • Rep. Jim TurnerD-TX-2
  • Rep. Cal DooleyD-CA-20
  • Rep. Bart GordonD-TN-6
  • Rep. Tim HoldenD-PA-6
  • Rep. Collin PetersonD-MN-7
  • Rep. Ike SkeltonD-MO-4
  • Rep. David PhelpsD-IL-19
  • Rep. William LipinskiD-IL-3
  • Rep. Gene TaylorD-MS-5
  • Rep. James BarciaD-MI-5
  • Rep. Charlie StenholmD-TX-17
  • Rep. Chris JohnD-LA-7
  • Rep. Ronnie ShowsD-MS-4
  • Rep. Bud CramerD-AL-5
  • Rep. Ralph HallD-TX-4

Republicans who voted yea(206)

  • Rep. Constance MorellaR-MD-8
  • Rep. Jim LeachR-IA-1
  • Rep. Benjamin GilmanR-NY-20
  • Rep. Nancy JohnsonR-CT-6
  • Rep. Sherry BoehlertR-NY-23
  • Rep. Michael CastleR-DE
  • Rep. Stephen HornR-CA-38
  • Rep. Greg GanskeR-IA-4
  • Rep. Frank LoBiondoR-NJ-2
  • Rep. Jack QuinnR-NY-30
  • Rep. Timothy JohnsonR-IL-15
  • Rep. Rob SimmonsR-CT-2
  • Rep. Curt WeldonR-PA-7
  • Rep. John ThuneR-SD
  • Rep. Steven LaTouretteR-OH-19
  • Rep. Amo HoughtonR-NY-31
  • Rep. John McHughR-NY-24
  • Rep. Doug OseR-CA-3
  • Rep. Shelley CapitoR-WV-2
  • Rep. Doug BereuterR-NE-1
  • Rep. Jim WalshR-NY-25
  • Rep. Felix GrucciR-NY-1
  • Rep. Heather WilsonR-NM-1
  • Rep. Chris SmithR-NJ-4
  • Rep. Christopher ShaysR-CT-4
  • Rep. Todd PlattsR-PA-19
  • Rep. Mark KirkR-IL-10
  • Rep. Frank WolfR-VA-10
  • Rep. John SweeneyR-NY-22
  • Rep. Mark FoleyR-FL-16
  • Rep. Jim GreenwoodR-PA-8
  • Rep. Jim SaxtonR-NJ-3
  • Rep. Sue KellyR-NY-19
  • Rep. Ileana Ros-LehtinenR-FL-18
  • Rep. Tom OsborneR-NE-3
  • Rep. Ray LaHoodR-IL-18
  • Rep. Lindsey GrahamR-SC-3
  • Rep. Phil EnglishR-PA-21
  • Rep. Lincoln Diaz-BalartR-FL-21
  • Rep. Ralph RegulaR-OH-16
  • Rep. Mike FergusonR-NJ-7
  • Rep. Jo Ann EmersonR-MO-8
  • Rep. Wayne GilchrestR-MD-1
  • Rep. Pete KingR-NY-3
  • Rep. Robert EhrlichR-MD-2
  • Rep. Fred UptonR-MI-6
  • Rep. Paul GillmorR-OH-5
  • Rep. Hal RogersR-KY-5
  • Rep. Ernie FletcherR-KY-6
  • Rep. Rodney FrelinghuysenR-NJ-11
  • Rep. Clay ShawR-FL-22
  • Rep. George GekasR-PA-17
  • Rep. Charlie BassR-NH-2
  • Rep. Joseph SkeenR-NM-2
  • Rep. Tom LathamR-IA-5
  • Rep. Zach WampR-TN-3
  • Rep. Bob NeyR-OH-18
  • Rep. Kay GrangerR-TX-12
  • Rep. Dave HobsonR-OH-7
  • Rep. Greg WaldenR-OR-2
  • Rep. Denny RehbergR-MT
  • Rep. Duke CunninghamR-CA-51
  • Rep. Tom DavisR-VA-11
  • Rep. Jerry LewisR-CA-40
  • Rep. W. Bill YoungR-FL-10
  • Rep. Deborah PryceR-OH-15
  • Rep. Judy BiggertR-IL-13
  • Rep. John ShimkusR-IL-20
  • Rep. Thomas ReynoldsR-NY-27
  • Rep. Ed WhitfieldR-KY-1
  • Rep. Vernon EhlersR-MI-3
  • Rep. Johnny IsaksonR-GA-6
  • Rep. Ken CalvertR-CA-43
  • Rep. Elton GalleglyR-CA-23
  • Rep. Buck McKeonR-CA-25
  • Rep. Joe KnollenbergR-MI-11
  • Rep. H. CallahanR-AL-1
  • Rep. Don SherwoodR-PA-10
  • Rep. John PetersonR-PA-5
  • Rep. Ernest IstookR-OK-5
  • Rep. Kenny HulshofR-MO-9
  • Rep. Jim KolbeR-AZ-5
  • Rep. Jim NussleR-IA-2
  • Rep. John CookseyR-LA-5
  • Rep. Jennifer DunnR-WA-8
  • Rep. Lamar SmithR-TX-21
  • Rep. John BoozmanR-AR-3
  • Rep. Dave CampR-MI-4
  • Rep. Mike SimpsonR-ID-2
  • Rep. Spencer BachusR-AL-6
  • Rep. Ander CrenshawR-FL-4
  • Rep. Jerry WellerR-IL-11
  • Rep. Vito FossellaR-NY-13
  • Rep. Henry BrownR-SC-1
  • Rep. Darrell IssaR-CA-48
  • Rep. Melissa HartR-PA-4
  • Rep. George NethercuttR-WA-5
  • Rep. Henry HydeR-IL-6
  • Rep. David DreierR-CA-28
  • Rep. Richard BakerR-LA-6
  • Rep. Billy TauzinR-LA-3
  • Rep. Michael BilirakisR-FL-9
  • Rep. Robin HayesR-NC-8
  • Rep. Cass BallengerR-NC-10
  • Rep. Michael OxleyR-OH-4
  • Rep. Saxby ChamblissR-GA-8
  • Rep. Wes WatkinsR-OK-3
  • Rep. Mike RogersR-MI-8
  • Rep. Bill JenkinsR-TN-1
  • Rep. John BoehnerR-OH-8
  • Rep. Jim McCreryR-LA-4
  • Rep. Frank LucasR-OK-6
  • Rep. Bill ShusterR-PA-9
  • Rep. Richard BurrR-NC-5
  • Rep. J.C. WattsR-OK-4
  • Rep. Chip PickeringR-MS-3
  • Rep. Roger WickerR-MS-1
  • Rep. Porter GossR-FL-14
  • Rep. Ron LewisR-KY-2
  • Rep. John MicaR-FL-7
  • Rep. Rob PortmanR-OH-2
  • Rep. Robert AderholtR-AL-4
  • Rep. Sam GravesR-MO-6
  • Rep. Lee TerryR-NE-2
  • Rep. Adam PutnamR-FL-12
  • Rep. Duncan HunterR-CA-52
  • Rep. James HansenR-UT-1
  • Rep. George RadanovichR-CA-19
  • Rep. Henry BonillaR-TX-23
  • Rep. Larry CombestR-TX-19
  • Rep. Bob RileyR-AL-3
  • Rep. Van HillearyR-TN-4
  • Rep. Ed BryantR-TN-7
  • Rep. Randy ForbesR-VA-4
  • Rep. Dan MillerR-FL-13
  • Rep. John LinderR-GA-11
  • Rep. Mark SouderR-IN-4
  • Rep. Roy BluntR-MO-7
  • Rep. Pat TiberiR-OH-12
  • Rep. John SununuR-NH-1
  • Rep. John SullivanR-OK-1
  • Rep. Gil GutknechtR-MN-1
  • Rep. David VitterR-LA-1
  • Rep. Kevin BradyR-TX-8
  • Rep. Scott McInnisR-CO-3
  • Rep. Joe WilsonR-SC-2
  • Rep. Jo Ann DavisR-VA-1
  • Rep. Todd TiahrtR-KS-4
  • Rep. Terry EverettR-AL-2
  • Rep. Ric KellerR-FL-8
  • Rep. Jim GibbonsR-NV-2
  • Rep. Nathan DealR-GA-9
  • Rep. Jerry MoranR-KS-1
  • Rep. Mac ThornberryR-TX-13
  • Rep. Charlie NorwoodR-GA-10
  • Rep. Charles TaylorR-NC-11
  • Rep. Jack KingstonR-GA-1
  • Rep. Donald ManzulloR-IL-16
  • Rep. Paul RyanR-WI-1
  • Rep. Mark GreenR-WI-8
  • Rep. Richard ArmeyR-TX-26
  • Rep. Dan BurtonR-IN-6
  • Rep. Richard PomboR-CA-11
  • Rep. Nick SmithR-MI-7
  • Rep. John DoolittleR-CA-4
  • Rep. Joe BartonR-TX-6
  • Rep. Eric CantorR-VA-7
  • Rep. Sue MyrickR-NC-9
  • Rep. Tom PetriR-WI-6
  • Rep. Chris CannonR-UT-3
  • Rep. Tom DeLayR-TX-22
  • Rep. Wally HergerR-CA-2
  • Rep. Pete HoekstraR-MI-2
  • Rep. J.D. HayworthR-AZ-6
  • Rep. Roscoe BartlettR-MD-6
  • Rep. Christopher CoxR-CA-47
  • Rep. Dave WeldonR-FL-15
  • Rep. Mark KennedyR-MN-2
  • Rep. Mac CollinsR-GA-3
  • Rep. Jim DeMintR-SC-4
  • Rep. Bob GoodlatteR-VA-6
  • Rep. Pete SessionsR-TX-5
  • Rep. Jim RamstadR-MN-3
  • Rep. Jeff MillerR-FL-1
  • Rep. Joseph PittsR-PA-16
  • Rep. Howard CobleR-NC-6
  • Rep. Sam JohnsonR-TX-3
  • Rep. Steve ChabotR-OH-1
  • Rep. Jim RyunR-KS-2
  • Rep. Butch OtterR-ID-1
  • Rep. John CulbersonR-TX-7
  • Rep. Cliff StearnsR-FL-6
  • Rep. Mike PenceR-IN-2
  • Rep. Todd AkinR-MO-2
  • Rep. Walter JonesR-NC-3
  • Rep. John ShadeggR-AZ-4
  • Rep. Pat ToomeyR-PA-15
  • Rep. Brian KernsR-IN-7
  • Rep. Jimmy DuncanR-TN-2
  • Rep. Phil CraneR-IL-8
  • Rep. Ed RoyceR-CA-39
  • Rep. James SensenbrennerR-WI-9
  • Rep. John HostettlerR-IN-8
  • Rep. Joel HefleyR-CO-5
  • Rep. Tom TancredoR-CO-6
  • Rep. Bob SchafferR-CO-4
Data notes

The House’s recorded vote on the final version of the law (roll call 879 in Voteview), matched to the vote the record cites and checked against its totals. Positions are each member’s DW-NOMINATE score for that Congress, as on the Ideology page; left to right is more liberal to more conservative. Paired and announced yea votes count as yea. Lists follow the compass, most liberal first. 1 yea vote was cast by members of neither major party and is highlighted on the compass but not listed. A name links to a profile only for members of the current Congress. A law passed by voice vote or unanimous consent has no member list, and neither does a vote Voteview has not yet recorded.

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Committees

The committees the bill was sent to, and what each did with it.

Data notes

A committee links to its page only where it exists in the current Congress; older and renamed committees are named without a link.

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Timeline

From introduction to signing, newest first: the committees, the floor and the president. 19 actions.

  1. Dec 2, 2002Became lawBecame law · Became Public Law No: 107-310.
  2. Became lawBecame law · Signed by President.
  3. Nov 21, 2002PresidentPresident · Presented to President.
  4. Nov 14, 2002FloorFloor · Passed Senate without amendment by Unanimous Consent.
  5. Sep 26, 2002CommitteeCommittee · Reported by Senate Environment and Public Works Committee
  6. CommitteeCommittee · Markup by Senate Environment and Public Works Committee
  7. Sep 5, 2002FloorFloor · Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
  8. FloorFloor · On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 401 - 2 (Roll no. 373).House roll call 373
  9. FloorFloor · The House adopted the amendment in the nature of a substitute as agreed to by the Committee of the Whole House on the state of the Union.
  10. CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Senate Environment and Public Works Committee
  11. Sep 4, 2002CommitteeCommittee · Reported by House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
  12. Jul 24, 2002CommitteeCommittee · Markup by House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
  13. CommitteeCommittee · Discharged from Water Resources and Environment Subcommittee of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
  14. Jul 22, 2002CommitteeCommittee · Reported by Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management Subcommittee of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
  15. CommitteeCommittee · Markup by Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management Subcommittee of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
  16. May 15, 2002CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Water Resources and Environment Subcommittee of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
  17. CommitteeCommittee · Referred to Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management Subcommittee of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
  18. May 14, 2002CommitteeCommittee · Referred to House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee
  19. IntroducedIntroduced · Introduced in the House
Data notes

Shows the introduction, each committee and subcommittee step the source dates (referral, hearings, markup, report, discharge), and the floor, conference, presidential and became-law steps. Calendar placements, messages between the chambers, amendments and committee report numbers are not shown for laws before the 108th Congress. Two entries the source lists twice are shown once.

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Official record

The bill’s full text and every action, including introduction and committee steps, are on Congress.gov. Data through Oct 7, 2026.