Congress · Laws

A bill to extend until July 1, 1998, the exemption from ineligibility based on a high default rate for certain institutions of higher education.

Public Law 103-235 · S. 2004 · 103rd Congress · began in the Senate

Signed by Bill Clinton (D) on Apr 28, 1994 · Education

Sponsor: Sen. Dale Bumpers (D-AR)

Cosponsors (15): Sen. Thad Cochran, Sen. Jeff Bingaman,

Passage votesYeaNay

HouseRecorded vote: 283 yea, 136 nay283–136
SenateVoice vote

Data notes

The final version of the law, as each chamber passed it. A chamber that passed it by voice vote or unanimous consent has no count. “Method not stated” means the record does not say how the chamber voted. Where the record has a member-by-member vote, the “Who voted for it” section shows who voted yea.

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Summary

The Congressional Research Service’s plain-language summary of what the law does.

Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to extend the student loan default cohort rate exemption for historically Black colleges, tribally controlled community colleges, and Navajo community colleges.

Who voted for it

Every House member of the 103rd Congress on the ideology compass. Highlighted: the 283 who voted yea on final passage. Faded: everyone else, including those who voted nay, did not vote, or had not yet taken office.

283 yea136 nay13 present or did not vote

Dimension 2

Economic left–right

More liberalMore conservative

Democrats who voted yea(227)

Rep. Ronald DellumsD-CA-9
Rep. Mel WattD-NC-12
Rep. Maxine WatersD-CA-35
Rep. Barbara-Rose CollinsD-MI-15
Rep. John ConyersD-MI-14
Rep. Sidney YatesD-IL-9
Rep. Charlie RangelD-NY-15
Rep. Jerrold NadlerD-NY-8
Rep. Alcee HastingsD-FL-23
Rep. Cardiss CollinsD-IL-7
Rep. Henry GonzálezD-TX-20
Rep. Louis StokesD-OH-11
Rep. Michael KopetskiD-OR-5
Rep. Donald PayneD-NJ-10
Rep. Ed TownsD-NY-10
Rep. Nancy PelosiD-CA-8
Rep. Pete StarkD-CA-13
Rep. Don EdwardsD-CA-16
Rep. Patsy MinkD-HI-2
Rep. Major OwensD-NY-11
Rep. Nydia VelázquezD-NY-12
Rep. Earl HilliardD-AL-7
Rep. William CoyneD-PA-14
Rep. Bobby RushD-IL-1
Rep. Cynthia McKinneyD-GA-11
Rep. Xavier BecerraD-CA-30
Rep. Carrie MeekD-FL-17
Rep. Jolene UnsoeldD-WA-3
Rep. Jim McDermottD-WA-7
Rep. Daniel HamburgD-CA-1
Rep. David BoniorD-MI-10
Rep. John LewisD-GA-5
Rep. Barney FrankD-MA-4
Rep. José SerranoD-NY-16
Rep. Neil AbercrombieD-HI-1
Rep. Lucille Roybal-AllardD-CA-33
Rep. John OlverD-MA-1
Rep. Allan SwiftD-WA-2
Rep. William FordD-MI-13
Rep. Eliot EngelD-NY-17
Rep. Martin SaboD-MN-5
Rep. Eddie JohnsonD-TX-30
Rep. Bobby ScottD-VA-3
Rep. Floyd FlakeD-NY-6
Rep. Bennie ThompsonD-MS-2
Rep. Bernie SandersD-VT
Rep. Henry WaxmanD-CA-29
Rep. Esteban TorresD-CA-34
Rep. James OberstarD-MN-8
Rep. Bob FilnerD-CA-50
Rep. Norman MinetaD-CA-15
Rep. Lynn WoolseyD-CA-6
Rep. Cleo FieldsD-LA-4
Rep. Julian DixonD-CA-32
Rep. Eva ClaytonD-NC-1
Rep. George BrownD-CA-42
Rep. Mel ReynoldsD-IL-2
Rep. George MillerD-CA-7
Rep. Bruce VentoD-MN-4
Rep. Lane EvansD-IL-17
Rep. William JeffersonD-LA-2
Rep. Ed MarkeyD-MA-7
Rep. Howard BermanD-CA-26
Rep. Michael SynarD-OK-2
Rep. Jim ClyburnD-SC-6
Rep. Gerry StuddsD-MA-10
Rep. Robert MatsuiD-CA-5
Rep. Maurice HincheyD-NY-26
Rep. Dave ObeyD-WI-7
Rep. Dick GephardtD-MO-3
Rep. Sam FarrD-CA-17
Rep. Sam GejdensonD-CT-2
Rep. John DingellD-MI-16
Rep. Corrine BrownD-FL-3
Rep. John MoakleyD-MA-9
Rep. Kweisi MfumeD-MD-7
Rep. Luis GutiérrezD-IL-4
Rep. Albert WynnD-MD-4
Rep. Jack BrooksD-TX-9
Rep. Alan WheatD-MO-5
Rep. Victor FazioD-CA-3
Rep. Walter TuckerD-CA-37
Rep. Ed PastorD-AZ-2
Rep. Alan MollohanD-WV-1
Rep. Elizabeth FurseD-OR-1
Rep. Anthony BeilensonD-CA-24
Rep. Anna EshooD-CA-14
Rep. Joseph KennedyD-MA-8
Rep. Thomas AndrewsD-ME-1
Rep. Gary AckermanD-NY-5
Rep. Ronald ColemanD-TX-16
Rep. Daniel RostenkowskiD-IL-5
Rep. Bill ClayD-MO-1
Rep. Nita LoweyD-NY-18
Rep. Harry JohnstonD-FL-19
Rep. Thomas SawyerD-OH-14
Rep. Peter ViscloskyD-IN-1
Rep. David SkaggsD-CO-2
Rep. Steny HoyerD-MD-5
Rep. Harold FordD-TN-9
Rep. Jack ReedD-RI-2
Rep. Sanford BishopD-GA-2
Rep. Louise SlaughterD-NY-28
Rep. Richard NealD-MA-2
Rep. John MurthaD-PA-12
Rep. Francis McCloskeyD-IN-8
Rep. Charles RoseD-NC-7
Rep. Neal SmithD-IA-4
Rep. Rick BoucherD-VA-9
Rep. Rosa DeLauroD-CT-3
Rep. Richard DurbinD-IL-20
Rep. Barbara KennellyD-CT-1
Rep. Thomas MantonD-NY-7
Rep. Carolyn MaloneyD-NY-14
Rep. George HochbruecknerD-NY-1
Rep. Robert BorskiD-PA-3
Rep. Sam GibbonsD-FL-11
Rep. Benjamin CardinD-MD-3
Rep. Jim MoranD-VA-8
Rep. Ron WydenD-OR-3
Rep. Dale KildeeD-MI-9
Rep. Matthew MartínezD-CA-31
Rep. Jamie WhittenD-MS-1
Rep. William RichardsonD-NM-3
Rep. John BryantD-TX-5
Rep. Sander LevinD-MI-12
Rep. Tom LantosD-CA-12
Rep. Paul KanjorskiD-PA-11
Rep. Gene GreenD-TX-29
Rep. Robert WiseD-WV-2
Rep. Norm DicksD-WA-6
Rep. Ray ThorntonD-AR-2
Rep. Bill HefnerD-NC-8
Rep. Bob MenendezD-NJ-13
Rep. David PriceD-NC-4
Rep. Ted StricklandD-OH-6
Rep. John LaFalceD-NY-29
Rep. Thomas BarlowD-KY-1
Rep. Sherrod BrownD-OH-13
Rep. Peter DeFazioD-OR-4
Rep. Karan EnglishD-AZ-6
Rep. Butler DerrickD-SC-3
Rep. Mike KreidlerD-WA-9
Rep. Jerry KleczkaD-WI-4
Rep. Marty MeehanD-MA-5
Rep. Thomas BarrettD-WI-5
Rep. Philip SharpD-IN-2
Rep. Tony HallD-OH-3
Rep. Herbert KleinD-NJ-8
Rep. Robert TorricelliD-NJ-9
Rep. Martin FrostD-TX-24
Rep. Jake PickleD-TX-10
Rep. Michael McNultyD-NY-21
Rep. Bob CarrD-MI-8
Rep. Peter DeutschD-FL-20
Rep. Frank TejedaD-TX-28
Rep. Ron KlinkD-PA-4
Rep. William HughesD-NJ-2
Rep. Nick RahallD-WV-3
Rep. Buddy DardenD-GA-7
Rep. Bart StupakD-MI-1
Rep. Leslie ByrneD-VA-11
Rep. Solomon OrtizD-TX-27
Rep. Kika de la GarzaD-TX-15
Rep. Lynn SchenkD-CA-49
Rep. Tom BevillD-AL-4
Rep. Larry LaRoccoD-ID-1
Rep. Patricia SchroederD-CO-1
Rep. Maria CantwellD-WA-1
Rep. Frank PalloneD-NJ-6
Rep. John WilliamsD-MT-1
Rep. Karen ShepherdD-UT-2
Rep. Marcy KapturD-OH-9
Rep. Jane HarmanD-CA-36
Rep. Samuel CoppersmithD-AZ-1
Rep. Charles WilsonD-TX-2
Rep. John SprattD-SC-5
Rep. Jill Long ThompsonD-IN-4
Rep. Karen ThurmanD-FL-5
Rep. Marjorie Margolies-MezvinskyD-PA-13
Rep. Earl PomeroyD-ND
Rep. David MannD-OH-1
Rep. Bart GordonD-TN-6
Rep. Jay InsleeD-WA-4
Rep. Stephen NealD-NC-5
Rep. Tim JohnsonD-SD
Rep. Romano MazzoliD-KY-3
Rep. Peter HoaglandD-NE-2
Rep. Bud CramerD-AL-5
Rep. Daniel GlickmanD-KS-4
Rep. Jim ChapmanD-TX-1
Rep. Harold VolkmerD-MO-9
Rep. Eric FingerhutD-OH-19
Rep. James BilbrayD-NV-1
Rep. Robert ClementD-TN-5
Rep. Scotty BaeslerD-KY-6
Rep. James TraficantD-OH-17
Rep. Richard LehmanD-CA-19
Rep. Timothy RoemerD-IN-3
Rep. Blanche LincolnD-AR-1
Rep. John BrowderD-AL-3
Rep. Peter BarcaD-WI-1
Rep. Don JohnsonD-GA-10
Rep. Gregory LaughlinD-TX-14
Rep. Lewis PayneD-VA-5
Rep. Chet EdwardsD-TX-11
Rep. Michael AndrewsD-TX-25
Rep. Martin LancasterD-NC-3
Rep. Lee HamiltonD-IN-9
Rep. Rob AndrewsD-NJ-1
Rep. Sonny MontgomeryD-MS-3
Rep. James SlatteryD-KS-2
Rep. Marilyn LloydD-TN-3
Rep. Owen PickettD-VA-2
Rep. James BarciaD-MI-5
Rep. William BrewsterD-OK-3
Rep. David MingeD-MN-2
Rep. David McCurdyD-OK-4
Rep. Norman SisiskyD-VA-4
Rep. John TannerD-TN-8
Rep. Andrew JacobsD-IN-10
Rep. Austin MurphyD-PA-20
Rep. James HayesD-LA-7
Rep. Jim CooperD-TN-4
Rep. Mike ParkerD-MS-4
Rep. Billy TauzinD-LA-3
Rep. Ralph HallD-TX-4

Republicans who voted yea(56)

Rep. Benjamin GilmanR-NY-20
Rep. Sherry BoehlertR-NY-23
Rep. Nancy JohnsonR-CT-6
Rep. Olympia SnoweR-ME-2
Rep. Amo HoughtonR-NY-31
Rep. Ronald MachtleyR-RI-1
Rep. Chris SmithR-NJ-4
Rep. Stephen HornR-CA-38
Rep. Jim LeachR-IA-1
Rep. Paul GillmorR-OH-5
Rep. Lincoln Diaz-BalartR-FL-21
Rep. Steven GundersonR-WI-3
Rep. Joseph McDadeR-PA-10
Rep. Herbert BatemanR-VA-1
Rep. Thomas RidgeR-PA-21
Rep. Ileana Ros-LehtinenR-FL-18
Rep. Jim WalshR-NY-25
Rep. Ralph RegulaR-OH-16
Rep. Rick LazioR-NY-2
Rep. Gary FranksR-CT-5
Rep. Steven SchiffR-NM-1
Rep. James QuillenR-TN-1
Rep. Jack QuinnR-NY-30
Rep. Bob FranksR-NJ-7
Rep. Curt WeldonR-PA-7
Rep. Rick SantorumR-PA-18
Rep. Dave HobsonR-OH-7
Rep. Susan MolinariR-NY-13
Rep. Fred UptonR-MI-6
Rep. John KasichR-OH-12
Rep. Joseph SkeenR-NM-2
Rep. Vernon EhlersR-MI-3
Rep. Tillie FowlerR-FL-4
Rep. W. Bill YoungR-FL-10
Rep. Michael BilirakisR-FL-9
Rep. Donald SundquistR-TN-7
Rep. Michael HuffingtonR-CA-22
Rep. Floyd SpenceR-SC-2
Rep. Dave CampR-MI-4
Rep. James LightfootR-IA-3
Rep. John McHughR-NY-24
Rep. Jay DickeyR-AR-4
Rep. Tom BlileyR-VA-7
Rep. Jim TalentR-MO-2
Rep. Newton GingrichR-GA-6
Rep. Pete HoekstraR-MI-2
Rep. George GekasR-PA-17
Rep. Bob InglisR-SC-4
Rep. Jon KylR-AZ-4
Rep. John LinderR-GA-4
Rep. John MicaR-FL-7
Rep. Charles TaylorR-NC-11
Rep. Gerald SolomonR-NY-22
Rep. Jimmy DuncanR-TN-2
Rep. Robert WalkerR-PA-16
Rep. Ed RoyceR-CA-39

Data notes

The House’s recorded vote on the final version of the law (roll call 696 in Voteview), matched to the vote the record cites and checked against its totals. Positions are each member’s DW-NOMINATE score for that Congress, as on the Ideology page; left to right is more liberal to more conservative. Paired and announced yea votes count as yea. Lists follow the compass, most liberal first. A name links to a profile only for members of the current Congress. A law passed by voice vote or unanimous consent has no member list, and neither does a vote Voteview has not yet recorded.

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Committees

The record shows no committee referral for this bill.

Data notes

A committee links to its page only where it exists in the current Congress; older and renamed committees are named without a link.

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Timeline

From introduction to signing, newest first: the committees, the floor and the president. 9 actions.

Apr 28, 1994Became lawBecame law · Became Public Law No: 103-235.
Became lawBecame law · Signed by President.
Apr 19, 1994PresidentPresident · Presented to President.
Apr 13, 1994FloorFloor · Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
FloorFloor · On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 283 - 136 (Roll no. 102).House roll call 102
Apr 12, 1994FloorFloor · At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 5, rule I, the chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed until April 13.
FloorFloor · Mr. Ford (MI) moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill.
Mar 25, 1994FloorFloor · Introduced in the Senate, read twice, considered, read the third time, and passed without amendment by Voice Vote.
IntroducedIntroduced · Introduced in the Senate

Data notes

Shows the introduction, each committee and subcommittee step the source dates (referral, hearings, markup, report, discharge), and the floor, conference, presidential and became-law steps. Calendar placements, messages between the chambers, amendments and committee report numbers are not shown for laws before the 108th Congress. Two entries the source lists twice are shown once.

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Official record

The bill’s full text and every action, including introduction and committee steps, are on Congress.gov. Data through Oct 7, 2026.