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Supreme Court · Decisions

Havana Docks Corporation v. Royal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd.

The court held that the "property which was confiscated" under Title III of the Helms–Burton Act can refer both to the physical property and the plaintiff's interest in that property.

146 S. Ct. 1233 · No. 24-983 · 2025 term · Roberts Court

Decided May 21, 2026 · argued Feb 23, 2026

Economic activity · Liability, governmental: tort or contract actions by or against government or governmental officials other than defense of criminal actions brought under a civil rights action

Majority opinion: Clarence Thomas

The voteMajorityDissent

8–18 in the majority, 1 in dissent

1 dissent (8–1)

Vacated and remanded. Havana Docks Corporation won.

What this ruling means

Vacated and remanded: the Supreme Court set aside the decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit, wiping it out without necessarily saying the result was wrong, and sent the case back for that court to decide again under the right legal standard.

Havana Docks Corporation was the petitioner, the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the case. “Won” means the Court gave that side the result it asked for.

From the Supreme Court Database. A justice who agreed with the result but not the reasoning counts in the majority.

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Summary

The opening of the case’s Wikipedia article: what the case was about and what the Court held.

Havana Docks Corp. v. Royal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd., 608 U.S. ___ (2026), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that the "property which was confiscated" under Title III of the Helms–Burton Act can refer both to the physical property and the plaintiff's interest in that property. Therefore, the property is tainted such that anyone who uses the property can be liable to those who had an interest in the tainted property when it was confiscated. In the 8–1 decision issued on May 21, 2026, the Court held that U.S. cruise lines can be held liable for "trafficking" in confiscated Cuban docks, even if the original American claimant's time-limited property lease for those docks would have expired prior to the cruise lines' use of the property. During oral arguments, Richard D. Klingler represented Havana Docks Corporation, supported by Assistant to the Solicitor General Aimee Brown arguing for the United States as amicus curiae. Paul D. Clement argued on behalf of the cruise lines.

Read the full article on Wikipedia

Data notes

The text is Wikipedia’s (CC BY-SA 4.0), matched to the case by its citation, docket number or name and year, and is not checked against the opinion. The site keeps the article’s opening section, ending on its last full sentence. The one-sentence summary under the title is the Decisions list’s: Wikipedia’s own ruling sentence, or, tagged “AI-written”, one Claude wrote from this opening.

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How the justices voted

Each justice who took part, placed by their provisional Martin–Quinn ideology score for the 2025 term. Filled: the 8 in the majority. Hollow: the 1 in dissent. Colour is the party of the president who appointed them.

More liberalMore conservativeMedianSotomayorK. JacksonKaganJ. RobertsKavanaughBarrettGorsuchAlitoThomas

Majority(8)

Dissent(1)

Data notes

Each justice’s vote and what they wrote are from the justice-centered file of the Supreme Court Database. “Wrote a concurrence” means the justice sided with the majority and wrote separately; a justice who dissented in part is counted on the side they took overall. A justice who wrote nothing is listed as joining their side.

Positions are each justice’s Martin–Quinn score for the case’s term: negative is more liberal, positive more conservative. A score sums up a justice’s votes across the whole term, so it says where they usually sit, not why they voted as they did here. The median line is the Court’s median justice that term.

The 2025 scores are provisional. The official Martin–Quinn release does not cover this term yet, so the scores are copied from Lee Epstein, Andrew D. Martin & Michael J. Nelson, Provisional Data Report on the U.S. Supreme Court's 2025 Term, Table 3.1 (scores by Kevin Quinn), published 2026-06-30. They will be replaced by the official scores when those come out, and may change. The median line is the middle of these nine scores.

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The parties

Who brought the case to the Court, who answered it, and how it got there.

Petitioner
Havana Docks CorporationBusiness, corporation
Respondent
Royal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd.Business, corporation
Reached the Court by
Certiorari (the Court chose to hear it)
Data notes

The names are the two sides of the case’s title. The description under each is the Supreme Court Database’s category for that party, in its own wording. The petitioner is the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the decision below. “Why it was taken” appears only when the majority opinion says lower courts disagreed or were unsure about the question; reasons that would fit any case (“to resolve the question presented”, “an important question”) are left out.

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The law at issue

The law the Court was asked to apply, and the kind of power it used to decide.

Provision
22 U.S.C.S. § 6021
Kind of law
Infrequently litigated statutes
Decided by
Statutory construction
Data notes

The Supreme Court Database codes the main constitutional provision, statute or court rule each case turned on, and the basis of the decision: judicial review of a federal or state law, interpreting a statute, supervising the lower courts, and so on. A case can rest on more than one. “Overruled” counts only where the majority opinion says so.

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Timeline

What happened at the Court and how the case got there, newest first.

  1. May 21, 2026DecidedDecided · Decided 8–1: vacated and remanded. Havana Docks Corporation won.
  2. Feb 23, 2026ArguedArgued · Oral argument before the Court.
  3. Not datedTaken upTaken up · The Supreme Court agreed to hear the case (certiorari).
  4. Not datedCourt belowCourt below · Decided by the U.S. Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit: reversed, with a dissent.
  5. Not datedBeganBegan · The case began in the Florida Southern U.S. District Court.
Data notes

From the Supreme Court Database: the court the case began in, the court whose decision the Supreme Court reviewed and what that court did, how the case came to the Court, and the dates of argument and decision. The database does not date the steps in the lower courts. Court names are the database’s.

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Other decisions on the same issue

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  145. United States v. Yellow Cab Co.340 U.S. 543Feb 26, 1951 · 340 U.S. 543Economic activity7–27–2 band
  146. Feres, Executrix, v. United States340 U.S. 135Dec 4, 1950 · 340 U.S. 135Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  147. Libby, McNEILL & Libby v. United States340 U.S. 71Nov 27, 1950 · 340 U.S. 71Economic activity6–36–3 band
  148. Standard Oil Company of New Jersey v. United StatesLandmark340 U.S. 54Nov 27, 1950 · 340 U.S. 54Economic activity6–36–3 band

  149. Fogarty, Trustee in Bankruptcy, v. United States et al.340 U.S. 8Nov 6, 1950 · 340 U.S. 8Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  150. Alcoa Steamship Co., Inc. v. United States338 U.S. 421Dec 19, 1949 · 338 U.S. 421Economic activity6–27–2 band
  151. United States v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co.338 U.S. 366Dec 12, 1949 · 338 U.S. 366Economic activity7–18–1 band
  152. United States v. Spelar, Administratrix338 U.S. 217Nov 7, 1949 · 338 U.S. 217Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  153. Fink v. Shepard Steamship Co.337 U.S. 810Jun 27, 1949 · 337 U.S. 810Economic activity5–45–4 band
  154. Larson, War Assets Administrator and Surplus Property Administrator, v. Domestic and Foreign Commerce Corp.337 U.S. 682Jun 27, 1949 · 337 U.S. 682Economic activity6–36–3 band
  155. United States v. Wittek337 U.S. 346Jun 13, 1949 · 337 U.S. 346Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  156. Brooks v. United States337 U.S. 49May 16, 1949 · 337 U.S. 49Economic activity7–27–2 band
  157. Farrell v. United States et al.336 U.S. 511Apr 4, 1949 · 336 U.S. 511Economic activity5–45–4 band
  158. Priebe & Sons, Inc. v. United States332 U.S. 407Nov 17, 1947 · 332 U.S. 407Economic activity5–45–4 band
  159. Federal Crop Insurance Corp. v. Merrill et al., Doing Business As Merrill Bros.332 U.S. 380Nov 10, 1947 · 332 U.S. 380Economic activity5–45–4 band
  160. United States v. Munsey Trust Co., Receiver332 U.S. 234Jun 23, 1947 · 332 U.S. 234Economic activity7–18–1 band
  161. United States v. N. Y. Rayon Importing Co., Inc. (#2) et al.329 U.S. 654Feb 3, 1947 · 329 U.S. 654Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  162. United States v. Thayer-West Point Hotel Co.329 U.S. 585Jan 20, 1947 · 329 U.S. 585Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  163. United States v. Howard P. Foley Co., Inc.329 U.S. 64Nov 25, 1946 · 329 U.S. 64Economic activity6–36–3 band
Data notes

Every other orally argued case with a clear vote, from the 1946 term on, that the Supreme Court Database files under the same issue as this one. The database gives each case one issue from a list of about 270 (abortion, search and seizure of vehicles, the death penalty, and so on), whatever law it turned on.

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Read the argument audio on Oyez and Wikipedia. Case data from the Supreme Court Database, Version 2026 Release 01, through the 2025 term.