Jpmorgan Chase Bank v. Traffic Stream (Bvi) Infrastructure Limited
The Supreme Court of the United States held that a corporation organized under the laws of a British overseas territory is considered a "citizen or subject of a foreign state" for purposes of federal court jurisdiction.
536 U.S. 88 · No. 01-651 · 2001 term · Rehnquist Court
Decided Jun 10, 2002 · argued Apr 17, 2002
Judicial power · Judicial administration: miscellaneous
Majority opinion: David Souter
The voteMajority
9–09 in the majority, 0 in dissent
No dissent (9–0)
Reversed. Jpmorgan Chase Bank won.
What this ruling means
Reversed: the Supreme Court overturned the decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, and its own ruling ends the case.
Jpmorgan Chase Bank was the petitioner, the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the case. “Won” means the Court gave that side the result it asked for.
From the Supreme Court Database. A justice who agreed with the result but not the reasoning counts in the majority.
Summary
The opening of the case’s Wikipedia article: what the case was about and what the Court held.
JPMorgan Chase Bank v. Traffic Stream (BVI) Infrastructure Ltd., 536 U.S. 88 (2002), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that a corporation organized under the laws of a British overseas territory is considered a "citizen or subject of a foreign state" for purposes of federal court jurisdiction.
Data notes
The text is Wikipedia’s (CC BY-SA 4.0), matched to the case by its citation, docket number or name and year, and is not checked against the opinion. The site keeps the article’s opening section, ending on its last full sentence. The one-sentence summary under the title is the Decisions list’s: Wikipedia’s own ruling sentence, or, tagged “AI-written”, one Claude wrote from this opening.
How the justices voted
Each justice who took part, placed by their Martin–Quinn ideology score for the 2001 term. Filled: the 9 in the majority. Hollow: the 0 in dissent. Colour is the party of the president who appointed them.
Majority(9)
David SouterWrote the majority opinion
John StevensJoined the majority
Ruth GinsburgJoined the majority
Stephen BreyerJoined the majority
Sandra O'ConnorJoined the majority
Anthony KennedyJoined the majority
William RehnquistJoined the majority
Antonin ScaliaJoined the majority
Clarence ThomasJoined the majority
Dissent(0)
- None.
Data notes
Each justice’s vote and what they wrote are from the justice-centered file of the Supreme Court Database. “Wrote a concurrence” means the justice sided with the majority and wrote separately; a justice who dissented in part is counted on the side they took overall. A justice who wrote nothing is listed as joining their side.
Positions are each justice’s Martin–Quinn score for the case’s term, the same scores as the Ideology page: negative is more liberal, positive more conservative. A score sums up a justice’s votes across the whole term, so it says where they usually sit, not why they voted as they did here. The median line is the Court’s median justice that term.
The parties
Who brought the case to the Court, who answered it, and how it got there.
- Petitioner
- Jpmorgan Chase BankBank, savings and loan, credit union, investment company
- Respondent
- Traffic Stream (Bvi) Infrastructure LimitedForeign (non-American) nongovernmental entity
- Reached the Court by
- Certiorari (the Court chose to hear it)
Data notes
The names are the two sides of the case’s title. The description under each is the Supreme Court Database’s category for that party, in its own wording. The petitioner is the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the decision below. “Why it was taken” appears only when the majority opinion says lower courts disagreed or were unsure about the question; reasons that would fit any case (“to resolve the question presented”, “an important question”) are left out.
The law at issue
The law the Court was asked to apply, and the kind of power it used to decide.
- Provision
- 28 U.S.C. § 1332
- Kind of law
- Infrequently litigated statutes
- Decided by
- Diversity jurisdiction
Data notes
The Supreme Court Database codes the main constitutional provision, statute or court rule each case turned on, and the basis of the decision: judicial review of a federal or state law, interpreting a statute, supervising the lower courts, and so on. A case can rest on more than one. “Overruled” counts only where the majority opinion says so.
Timeline
What happened at the Court and how the case got there, newest first.
- Jun 10, 2002DecidedDecided · Decided 9–0: reversed. Jpmorgan Chase Bank won.
- Apr 17, 2002ArguedArgued · Oral argument before the Court.
- Not datedTaken upTaken up · The Supreme Court agreed to hear the case (certiorari).
- Not datedCourt belowCourt below · Decided by the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit: reversed and remanded.
- Not datedBeganBegan · The case began in the New York Southern U.S. District Court.
Data notes
From the Supreme Court Database: the court the case began in, the court whose decision the Supreme Court reviewed and what that court did, how the case came to the Court, and the dates of argument and decision. The database does not date the steps in the lower courts. Court names are the database’s.
Other decisions on the same issue
8 other argued cases since 1946 on judicial administration: miscellaneous, newest first.
- Bufkin v. Collins145 S. Ct. 728Mar 5, 2025 · 145 S. Ct. 728Judicial power7–27–2 band
- Murphy Brothers, Inc. v. Michetti Pipe Stringing, Inc.526 U.S. 344Apr 5, 1999 · 526 U.S. 344Judicial power6–36–3 band
- Navarro Savings Assn. v. Lee et al.446 U.S. 458May 19, 1980 · 446 U.S. 458Judicial power8–18–1 band
- Palmore v. United States411 U.S. 389Apr 24, 1973 · 411 U.S. 389Judicial power8–18–1 band
- United Steelworkers of America, AFL-CIO v. R. H. Bouligny, Inc.382 U.S. 145Nov 22, 1965 · 382 U.S. 145Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
- United States v. American-Foreign Steamship Corp. et al.363 U.S. 685Jun 20, 1960 · 363 U.S. 685Judicial power6–36–3 band
- Swanson et al. v. Traer et al.354 U.S. 114Jun 10, 1957 · 354 U.S. 114Judicial power9–0Unanimous band
- Smith, Special Administrator, v. Sperling et al.354 U.S. 91Jun 10, 1957 · 354 U.S. 91Judicial power5–45–4 band
Data notes
Every other orally argued case with a clear vote, from the 1946 term on, that the Supreme Court Database files under the same issue as this one. The database gives each case one issue from a list of about 270 (abortion, search and seizure of vehicles, the death penalty, and so on), whatever law it turned on.
Official record
Read the full opinion on Justia, the argument audio on Oyez and Wikipedia. Case data from the Supreme Court Database, Version 2026 Release 01, through the 2025 term.