InsideGov
Supreme Court · Decisions

United States v. Fortier et al.

342 U.S. 160 · No. 14 · 1951 term · Vinson Court

Decided Dec 11, 1951 · argued Oct 10, 1951

Economic activity · Liability, other than as in sufficiency of evidence, election of remedies, punitive damages

The voteMajority

8–08 in the majority, 0 in dissent

No dissent (9–0)

Affirmed. United States lost.

What this ruling means

Affirmed: the Supreme Court upheld the decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit, so it stands (sometimes with changes the Court made to it).

United States was the petitioner, the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the case. “Lost” means the Court did not give that side the result it asked for.

From the Supreme Court Database. A justice who agreed with the result but not the reasoning counts in the majority.

Report a correction

Summary

The opening of the case’s Wikipedia article: what the case was about and what the Court held.

Wikipedia has no article on this case, so there is no summary.

Data notes

The text is Wikipedia’s (CC BY-SA 4.0), matched to the case by its citation, docket number or name and year, and is not checked against the opinion. The site keeps the article’s opening section, ending on its last full sentence. The one-sentence summary under the title is the Decisions list’s: Wikipedia’s own ruling sentence, or, tagged “AI-written”, one Claude wrote from this opening.

Report a correction

How the justices voted

Each justice who took part, placed by their Martin–Quinn ideology score for the 1951 term. Filled: the 8 in the majority. Hollow: the 0 in dissent. Colour is the party of the president who appointed them.

More liberalMore conservativeMedianDouglasBlackFrankfurterR. JacksonBurtonClarkReedVinson

Majority(8)

Dissent(0)

  • None.

Did not take part: Sherman Minton.

Data notes

Each justice’s vote and what they wrote are from the justice-centered file of the Supreme Court Database. “Wrote a concurrence” means the justice sided with the majority and wrote separately; a justice who dissented in part is counted on the side they took overall. A justice who wrote nothing is listed as joining their side.

Positions are each justice’s Martin–Quinn score for the case’s term, the same scores as the Ideology page: negative is more liberal, positive more conservative. A score sums up a justice’s votes across the whole term, so it says where they usually sit, not why they voted as they did here. The median line is the Court’s median justice that term.

Report a correction

The parties

Who brought the case to the Court, who answered it, and how it got there.

Petitioner
United StatesUnited States
Respondent
Fortier et al.Government contractor
Reached the Court by
Certiorari (the Court chose to hear it)
Data notes

The names are the two sides of the case’s title. The description under each is the Supreme Court Database’s category for that party, in its own wording. The petitioner is the side that asked the Supreme Court to review the decision below. “Why it was taken” appears only when the majority opinion says lower courts disagreed or were unsure about the question; reasons that would fit any case (“to resolve the question presented”, “an important question”) are left out.

Report a correction

The law at issue

The law the Court was asked to apply, and the kind of power it used to decide.

Provision
50 U.S.C. § 1881
Kind of law
Infrequently litigated statutes
Decided by
Statutory construction
Data notes

The Supreme Court Database codes the main constitutional provision, statute or court rule each case turned on, and the basis of the decision: judicial review of a federal or state law, interpreting a statute, supervising the lower courts, and so on. A case can rest on more than one. “Overruled” counts only where the majority opinion says so.

Report a correction

Timeline

What happened at the Court and how the case got there, newest first.

  1. Dec 11, 1951DecidedDecided · Decided 8–0: affirmed. United States lost.
  2. Oct 10, 1951ArguedArgued · Oral argument before the Court.
  3. Not datedTaken upTaken up · The Supreme Court agreed to hear the case (certiorari).
  4. Not datedCourt belowCourt below · Decided by the U.S. Court of Appeals, First Circuit: affirmed.
  5. Not datedBeganBegan · The case began in the New Hampshire U.S. District Court.
Data notes

From the Supreme Court Database: the court the case began in, the court whose decision the Supreme Court reviewed and what that court did, how the case came to the Court, and the dates of argument and decision. The database does not date the steps in the lower courts. Court names are the database’s.

Report a correction

Other decisions on the same issue

119 other argued cases since 1946 on liability, other than as in sufficiency of evidence, election of remedies, punitive damages, newest first.

  1. Smith & Wesson Brands v. Estados Unidos Mexicanos145 S. Ct. 1556Jun 5, 2025 · 145 S. Ct. 1556Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  2. Medical Marijuana, Inc. v. Horn145 S. Ct. 931Apr 2, 2025 · 145 S. Ct. 931Economic activity5–45–4 band

  3. Yegiazaryan v. Smagin599 U.S. 533Jun 22, 2023 · 599 U.S. 533Economic activity6–36–3 band

  4. Twitter v. Taamneh598 U.S. 471May 18, 2023 · 598 U.S. 471Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  5. Gonzalez v. Google LLC598 U.S. 617May 18, 2023 · 598 U.S. 617Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  6. Citgo Asphalt Refining Co. v. Frescati Shipping Co., Ltd.140 S. Ct. 1081Mar 30, 2020 · 140 S. Ct. 1081Economic activity7–27–2 band

  7. Honeycutt v. United States137 S. Ct. 1626Jun 5, 2017 · 137 S. Ct. 1626Economic activity8–0Unanimous band

  8. Asid Mohamad, Individually and for the Estate of Azzam Rahim, Deceased, et al., Petitioners v. Palestinian Authority et al.566 U.S. 449Apr 18, 2012 · 566 U.S. 449Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  9. Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd. et al. v. Regal-Beloit Corp. et al.561 U.S. 89Jun 21, 2010 · 561 U.S. 89Economic activity6–36–3 band

  10. Mohamed Ali Samantar v. Bashe Abdi Yousuf et al.560 U.S. 305Jun 1, 2010 · 560 U.S. 305Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  11. Rockwell International Corp., et al. v. United States et al.549 U.S. 457Mar 27, 2007 · 549 U.S. 457Economic activity6–27–2 band

  12. Norfolk Southern Railway Company v. Timothy Sorrell549 U.S. 158Jan 10, 2007 · 549 U.S. 158Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  13. United States v. Joseph Olson, et al.546 U.S. 43Nov 8, 2005 · 546 U.S. 43Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  14. Norfolk Southern Railway Company v. James N. Kirby, Pty Ltd., dba Kirby Engineering, and Allianz Australia Insurance Limited543 U.S. 14Nov 9, 2004 · 543 U.S. 14Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  15. Jose Francisco Sosa v. Humberto Alvarez-Machain et al.542 U.S. 692Jun 29, 2004 · 542 U.S. 692Economic activity6–36–3 band

  16. Olympic Airways v. Rubina Husain, Individually and As Personal Representative of the Estate of Abid M. Hanson, Deceased, et al.540 U.S. 644Feb 24, 2004 · 540 U.S. 644Economic activity6–27–2 band
  17. Jo Anne B. Barnhart, Commissioner of Social Security v. Sigmon Coal Company, Inc., et al.534 U.S. 438Feb 19, 2002 · 534 U.S. 438Economic activity6–36–3 band
  18. James F. Lewis v. Lewis & Clark Marine, Inc., etc.531 U.S. 438Feb 21, 2001 · 531 U.S. 438Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  19. Jane M. Roberts, Guardian for Wanda Y. Johnson v. Galen of Virginia, Inc., Formerly dba Humana Hospital University of Louisville, dba University of Louisville Hospital525 U.S. 249Jan 13, 1999 · 525 U.S. 249Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  20. Philomena Dooley, Personal Representative of the Estate of Cecelio Chuapoco, et al. v. Korean Air Lines Co., Ltd.524 U.S. 116Jun 8, 1998 · 524 U.S. 116Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  21. Hughes Aircraft Company v. United States, ex rel. William J. Schumer520 U.S. 939Jun 16, 1997 · 520 U.S. 939Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  22. Saratoga Fishing Company v. J. M. Martinac & Company and Marco Seattle Inc.520 U.S. 875Jun 2, 1997 · 520 U.S. 875Economic activity6–36–3 band
  23. Harbor Tug and Barge Company v. John Papai et ux.520 U.S. 548May 12, 1997 · 520 U.S. 548Economic activity6–36–3 band
  24. John W. Atherton, Jr. v. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, As Receiver for City Savings, F. S. B.519 U.S. 213Jan 14, 1997 · 519 U.S. 213Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  25. Exxon Company, U. S. A., et al. v. Sofec, Inc., et al.517 U.S. 830Jun 10, 1996 · 517 U.S. 830Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  26. Norfolk & Western Railway Co. v. Hiles516 U.S. 400Feb 27, 1996 · 516 U.S. 400Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  27. Bank One Chicago, N. A. v. Midwest Bank & Trust Company516 U.S. 264Jan 17, 1996 · 516 U.S. 264Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  28. Chandris, Inc., et al. v. Antonios Latsis515 U.S. 347Jun 14, 1995 · 515 U.S. 347Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  29. Albert Howlett v. Birkdale Shipping Co., S. A.512 U.S. 92Jun 13, 1994 · 512 U.S. 92Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  30. Boca Grande Club, Inc. v. Florida Power & Light Company, Inc.511 U.S. 222Apr 20, 1994 · 511 U.S. 222Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  31. McDermott, Inc. v. Amclyde and River Don Castings Ltd.511 U.S. 202Apr 20, 1994 · 511 U.S. 202Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  32. Jeffery Antoine v. Byers & Anderson, Inc., et al.508 U.S. 429Jun 7, 1993 · 508 U.S. 429Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  33. Bob Reves, et al. v. Ernst & Young507 U.S. 170Mar 3, 1993 · 507 U.S. 170Economic activity7–27–2 band

  34. Estate of Floyd Cowart v. Nicklos Drilling Company, et al.505 U.S. 469Jun 22, 1992 · 505 U.S. 469Economic activity6–36–3 band
  35. Jeanne Farrey, fka Jeanne Sanderfoot v. Gerald J. Sanderfoot500 U.S. 291May 23, 1991 · 500 U.S. 291Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  36. Eastern Airlines, Inc. v. Floyd et al.499 U.S. 530Apr 17, 1991 · 499 U.S. 530Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  37. McDermott International, Inc. v. Jon C. Wilander498 U.S. 337Feb 19, 1991 · 498 U.S. 337Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  38. Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corp. et al. v. Bonjorno et al.494 U.S. 827Apr 17, 1990 · 494 U.S. 827Economic activity5–45–4 band
  39. Chan et al. v. Korean Air Lines, Ltd.490 U.S. 122Apr 18, 1989 · 490 U.S. 122Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  40. Bankers Life & Casualty Co. v. Crenshaw486 U.S. 71May 16, 1988 · 486 U.S. 71Economic activity6–18–1 band
  41. Jersey Shore State Bank v. United States479 U.S. 442Jan 20, 1987 · 479 U.S. 442Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  42. East River Steamship Corp. et al. v. Transamerica Delaval Inc.476 U.S. 858Jun 16, 1986 · 476 U.S. 858Economic activity9–0Unanimous band

  43. Herb's Welding, Inc., et al. v. Gray et al.470 U.S. 414Mar 18, 1985 · 470 U.S. 414Economic activity5–45–4 band
  44. Air France v. Saks470 U.S. 392Mar 4, 1985 · 470 U.S. 392Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  45. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority v. Johnson et al.467 U.S. 925Jun 26, 1984 · 467 U.S. 925Economic activity6–36–3 band
  46. Trans World Airlines, Inc. v. Franklin Mint Corp. et al.466 U.S. 243Apr 17, 1984 · 466 U.S. 243Economic activity8–18–1 band
  47. Morrison-Knudsen Construction Co. et al. v. Director, Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, United States Department of Labor, et al.461 U.S. 624May 24, 1983 · 461 U.S. 624Economic activity8–18–1 band
  48. Griffin v. Oceanic Contractors, Inc.458 U.S. 564Jun 30, 1982 · 458 U.S. 564Economic activity7–27–2 band
  49. Scindia Steam Navigation Co., Ltd. v. de Los Santos et al.451 U.S. 156Apr 21, 1981 · 451 U.S. 156Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  50. Ferri v. Ackerman444 U.S. 193Dec 4, 1979 · 444 U.S. 193Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  51. P. C. Pfeiffer Co., Inc., et al. v. Ford et al.444 U.S. 69Nov 27, 1979 · 444 U.S. 69Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  52. Edmonds v. Compagnie Generale Transatlantique443 U.S. 256Jun 27, 1979 · 443 U.S. 256Economic activity5–36–3 band
  53. Director, Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, United States Department of Labor v. Rasmussen et al.440 U.S. 29Feb 21, 1979 · 440 U.S. 29Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  54. J. W. Bateson Co., Inc., et al. v. United States ex rel. Board of Trustees of the National Automatic Sprinkler Industry Pension Fund et al.434 U.S. 586Feb 22, 1978 · 434 U.S. 586Economic activity6–27–2 band
  55. American Foreign Steamship Co. v. Matise423 U.S. 150Dec 16, 1975 · 423 U.S. 150Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  56. Transamerican Freight Lines, Inc. v. Brada Miller Freight Systems, Inc., et al.423 U.S. 28Nov 12, 1975 · 423 U.S. 28Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  57. Bangor Punta Operations, Inc., et al. v. Bangor & Aroostook Railroad Co. et al.417 U.S. 703Jun 19, 1974 · 417 U.S. 703Economic activity5–45–4 band
  58. Cooper Stevedoring Co., Inc. v. Fritz Kopke, Inc., et al.417 U.S. 106May 28, 1974 · 417 U.S. 106Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  59. Union Oil Co. of California v. the San Jacinto et al.409 U.S. 140Dec 5, 1972 · 409 U.S. 140Economic activity6–36–3 band
  60. Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Co. v. Erie Lackawanna Railroad Co. et al.406 U.S. 340May 15, 1972 · 406 U.S. 340Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  61. Usner v. Luckenbach Overseas Corp. et al.400 U.S. 494Jan 25, 1971 · 400 U.S. 494Economic activity5–45–4 band
  62. Federal Marine Terminals, Inc. v. Burnside Shipping Co., Ltd.394 U.S. 404Apr 1, 1969 · 394 U.S. 404Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  63. Edwards v. Pacific Fruit Express Co.390 U.S. 538Apr 8, 1968 · 390 U.S. 538Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  64. Alitalia-Linee Aeree Italiane, S.P.A. v. Lisi et al.390 U.S. 455Mar 25, 1968 · 390 U.S. 455Economic activity4–45–4 band
  65. Waldron v. Moore-Mccormack Lines, Inc.386 U.S. 724May 8, 1967 · 386 U.S. 724Economic activity5–45–4 band
  66. Watkins v. Conway385 U.S. 188Dec 5, 1966 · 385 U.S. 188Economic activity8–18–1 band
  67. Missouri Pacific Railroad Co. v. Elmore & Stahl377 U.S. 134May 4, 1964 · 377 U.S. 134Economic activity7–27–2 band
  68. Italia Societa Per Azioni Di Navigazione v. Oregon Stevedoring Co., Inc.376 U.S. 315Mar 9, 1964 · 376 U.S. 315Economic activity6–36–3 band
  69. Dennis v. Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Co.375 U.S. 208Dec 9, 1963 · 375 U.S. 208Economic activity7–27–2 band
  70. Reed v. the Yaka et al.373 U.S. 410May 27, 1963 · 373 U.S. 410Economic activity7–27–2 band
  71. Gutierrez v. Waterman Steamship Corp.373 U.S. 206May 13, 1963 · 373 U.S. 206Economic activity8–18–1 band
  72. Dixilyn Drilling Corp. v. Crescent Towing & Salvage Co.372 U.S. 697Apr 15, 1963 · 372 U.S. 697Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  73. Guzman v. Pichirilo369 U.S. 698May 21, 1962 · 369 U.S. 698Economic activity6–18–1 band
  74. Vaughan v. Atkinson et al.369 U.S. 527May 14, 1962 · 369 U.S. 527Economic activity5–27–2 band
  75. Still v. Norfolk & Western Railway Co.368 U.S. 35Nov 13, 1961 · 368 U.S. 35Economic activity8–18–1 band
  76. Waterman Steamship Corp. v. Dugan & McNamara, Inc.364 U.S. 421Nov 21, 1960 · 364 U.S. 421Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  77. Mitchell v. Trawler Racer, Inc.362 U.S. 539May 16, 1960 · 362 U.S. 539Economic activity6–36–3 band
  78. Lewis et al., Trustees, v. Benedict Coal Corp.361 U.S. 459Feb 23, 1960 · 361 U.S. 459Economic activity7–18–1 band
  79. National Labor Relations Board v. Deena Artware, Inc., et al.361 U.S. 398Feb 23, 1960 · 361 U.S. 398Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  80. Braen v. Pfeifer Oil Transportation Co., Inc.361 U.S. 129Dec 14, 1959 · 361 U.S. 129Economic activity6–36–3 band
  81. Southwestern Sugar & Molasses Co., Inc., v. River Terminals Corp.360 U.S. 411Jun 22, 1959 · 360 U.S. 411Economic activity6–36–3 band
  82. Robert C. Herd & Co., Inc., v. Krawill Machinery Corp. et al.359 U.S. 297Apr 20, 1959 · 359 U.S. 297Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  83. United New York and New Jersey Sandy Hook Pilots Association et al. v. Halecki, Administratrix358 U.S. 613Feb 24, 1959 · 358 U.S. 613Economic activity5–45–4 band
  84. Crumady v. the Joachim Hendrik Fisser et al.358 U.S. 423Feb 24, 1959 · 358 U.S. 423Economic activity6–36–3 band
  85. Sinkler v. Missouri Pacific Railroad Co.356 U.S. 326Apr 28, 1958 · 356 U.S. 326Economic activity7–27–2 band
  86. Kernan, Administrator, v. American Dredging Co.355 U.S. 426Feb 3, 1958 · 355 U.S. 426Economic activity5–45–4 band
  87. Baltimore & Ohio Railway Co. v. Jackson353 U.S. 325May 13, 1957 · 353 U.S. 325Economic activity5–45–4 band
  88. United States for the Benefit of Sherman et al., Trustees, v. Carter et al., Doing Business As Carter Construction Co., et al.353 U.S. 210Apr 29, 1957 · 353 U.S. 210Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  89. Thompson v. Coastal Oil Co.352 U.S. 862Oct 15, 1956 · 352 U.S. 862Economic activity5–45–4 band
  90. Collins et al. v. American Buslines, Inc. et al.350 U.S. 528Apr 9, 1956 · 350 U.S. 528Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  91. Ryan Stevedoring Co., Inc. v. Pan-Atlantic Steamship Corp.350 U.S. 124Jan 9, 1956 · 350 U.S. 124Economic activity5–45–4 band
  92. Boston Metals Co. v. the Winding Gulf et al.349 U.S. 122May 16, 1955 · 349 U.S. 122Economic activity6–27–2 band
  93. Bisso, Receiver, v. Inland Waterways Corporation349 U.S. 85May 16, 1955 · 349 U.S. 85Economic activity5–36–3 band
  94. Boudoin v. Lykes Brothers Steamship Co., Inc.348 U.S. 336Feb 28, 1955 · 348 U.S. 336Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  95. Cox et al., Administrators, et al. v. Roth, Administrator348 U.S. 207Jan 10, 1955 · 348 U.S. 207Economic activity8–0Unanimous band
  96. Maryland Casualty Co. et al. v. Cushing et al.347 U.S. 409Apr 12, 1954 · 347 U.S. 409Economic activity5–45–4 band
  97. Alaska Steamship Co., Inc. v. Petterson347 U.S. 396Apr 5, 1954 · 347 U.S. 396Economic activity6–36–3 band
  98. Wells, Administratrix, v. Simonds Abrasive Co.345 U.S. 514May 18, 1953 · 345 U.S. 514Economic activity5–36–3 band
  99. Calmar Steamship Corp. v. Scott et al.345 U.S. 427Apr 27, 1953 · 345 U.S. 427Economic activity6–36–3 band
  100. Isbrandtsen Company, Inc. v. Johnson343 U.S. 779Jun 9, 1952 · 343 U.S. 779Economic activity8–18–1 band
  101. First National Bank of Chicago, Executor, v. United Air Lines, Inc.342 U.S. 396Mar 3, 1952 · 342 U.S. 396Economic activity7–27–2 band
  102. Halcyon Lines et al. v. Haenn Ship Ceiling & Refitting Corp.342 U.S. 282Jan 14, 1952 · 342 U.S. 282Economic activity7–27–2 band
  103. Hughes, Administrator, v. Fetter et al.341 U.S. 609Jun 4, 1951 · 341 U.S. 609Economic activity5–45–4 band
  104. Mosser, Successor Trustee, et al. v. Darrow, Former Trustee, et al.341 U.S. 267May 7, 1951 · 341 U.S. 267Economic activity7–18–1 band
  105. Warren v. United States340 U.S. 523Feb 26, 1951 · 340 U.S. 523Economic activity6–36–3 band
  106. Reider v. Thompson, Trustee, Missouri Pacific Railroad Co.339 U.S. 113Mar 13, 1950 · 339 U.S. 113Economic activity6–18–1 band
  107. Affolder v. New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad Co.339 U.S. 96Mar 13, 1950 · 339 U.S. 96Economic activity5–36–3 band
  108. Carter v. Atlanta & St. Andrews Bay Railway Co.338 U.S. 430Dec 19, 1949 · 338 U.S. 430Economic activity6–27–2 band
  109. O'Donnell, Administratrix, v. Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway Co.338 U.S. 384Dec 12, 1949 · 338 U.S. 384Economic activity4–27–2 band
  110. Weade et al. v. Dichmann, Wright & Pugh, Inc.337 U.S. 801Jun 27, 1949 · 337 U.S. 801Economic activity5–45–4 band
  111. Cosmopolitan Shipping Co. v. McALLISTER337 U.S. 783Jun 27, 1949 · 337 U.S. 783Economic activity5–45–4 band
  112. Urie v. Thompson, Trustee337 U.S. 163May 31, 1949 · 337 U.S. 163Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  113. Black Diamond Steamship Corp. v. Robert Stewart & Sons, Ltd. et al.336 U.S. 386Mar 14, 1949 · 336 U.S. 386Economic activity5–45–4 band
  114. Lawson, Deputy Commissioner, United States Employees' Compensation Commission, v. Suwannee Fruit & Steamship Co. et al.336 U.S. 198Feb 14, 1949 · 336 U.S. 198Economic activity8–18–1 band
  115. Coray, Ancillary Administrator, v. Southern Pacific Co.335 U.S. 520Jan 3, 1949 · 335 U.S. 520Economic activity9–0Unanimous band
  116. Francis et al. v. Southern Pacific Co.333 U.S. 445Mar 15, 1948 · 333 U.S. 445Economic activity6–36–3 band
  117. United States v. Standard Oil Company of California et al.332 U.S. 301Jun 23, 1947 · 332 U.S. 301Economic activity8–18–1 band
  118. Caldarola v. Eckert et al., Doing Business As Thor Eckert & Co.332 U.S. 155Jun 23, 1947 · 332 U.S. 155Economic activity5–45–4 band
  119. Mexican Light & Power Co., Ltd. v. Texas Mexican Railway Co.331 U.S. 731Jun 16, 1947 · 331 U.S. 731Economic activity7–27–2 band
Data notes

Every other orally argued case with a clear vote, from the 1946 term on, that the Supreme Court Database files under the same issue as this one. The database gives each case one issue from a list of about 270 (abortion, search and seizure of vehicles, the death penalty, and so on), whatever law it turned on.

Report a correction

Official record

Read the full opinion on Justia. Case data from the Supreme Court Database, Version 2026 Release 01, through the 2025 term.